Vol. 12 No. 5 (2014)

The aim of the present study was to identify Streptomyces spp. antagonistic to plant pathogenic fungi. From eight of different soil samples,a total of 43 isolates of Streptomyces were isolated and they were divided into 7 groups with different proportion: white 37.2 %; grey 22.9 %; brown 14.0 %; yellow 11.6 %; pink 2.3 %; purple 2.3 %; and blue 4.7 %. Of 43 isolates, 16 were antagonistic to Fusarium oxysporum, 11 were antagonistic to Botryosphaeria dothidea, 3 were antagonistic to Phytophthora capsici, and 4 were antagonistic to Sclerotium hydrophylum. Two streptomyces isolates, HN6 and NA1 were selected due to their high fungal antagonism. HN6 and NA1 grew well on Gause I medium at 30ºC, neutral pH and fairly high salt concentration. On ISP 9 culture medium HN6 and NA1 were able to utilize various sugar sources: D - glucose; saccarose, D - xylose, rhamnose and raffinose. The isolateHN6 was preliminarily identified as Streptomyces roseosporus, while NA1 as Streptomyces albofaciens.

In two-line hybrid rice, breeders have been focusing on improving quality of parental linesthat havehigh cooking and eating quality. Fifteen lines were evaluated on grain quality. Five lines (ST19, A3, 135s, E15S-1, E15S-2 and E15S-3) showedlow gelatinazation temperature (GT), 6 lines (Sen cu, HC1, HC2, A2, A12 and Hoa sua) have intermediate GT and 4 lines (R998, A11, HC3 and A3) have high GT. Eight lines were identified carryingaromatic fgrgene including three TGMS lines (E15S-1, E15S-2 and E15S-3), two restorer lines (HC1 and HC3) with avarage amylose content (21.5-24.7%); and 3 lines (Sen cu, HC2 and Hoa sua) with low amylose content (15.5-18.4%).

This study was carriedout to develop a complete process of in vitro culture of epicotyls of Vinh orange and Duong Canh mandarin to serve as materials for genetictransfỏmation. Five experiments were conducted focusing on the influence of seed sterilization conditions onefficiency of producing quality epicotylsand concentration of growth phytohormones on shoot and root formation as well as the effects of the substrates onthe growth of plants. The results showed that treatment of seeds for 15 min by shaking with Johnson 10% was suitable condition for the sterilization. The MS mediumcontained30 g/L sucrose,1,0 mg/L vitamin B5 and 8 g/L agar.The optimal concentration of BA for shoot formation of Vinh oranges was 1,5mg/L and for Duong Canh mandarin was1,0 mg/L. The optimal concentrations of NAA/IAA for the root formation of Vinh organe and Duong Canh mandarin were 0.4 mg/0.4 mg/L and 0.4/0.3 mg/L, respectively. The best of substrates for in vitroplants was smoked rice hullssand with 1: 1iweightratio.

Lúa là một trong những cây lương thực quan trọng bậc nhất trên thế giới. Trong nghiên cứu này chúng tôi nghiên cứu phản ứng sinh lý của giống lúa Oryza sativacv. Dongjin trong điều kiện khô hạn. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy,cây lúa 3 tuần tuổi bắt đầu biểu hiện kiểu hình lá cuộn lại và khô sau 48h dừng tưới nước. Cùng với sự mất nước trong lá và giảm thế hóa nước trong thân,các gốc tự do như H2O2và malondialdehyde cũng được tích lũy. Điều đó dẫn tới hiệu suất quang hợp giảm mặc dù hàm lượng chlorophyll giảm không đáng kể.

At present, Vietnam`s dairy industry is developing but faceswith severalreproduction disorder problemsincluding persistent corpus luteum, cysticovaryorinactive ovary. An experiment was carried out from Apr. 2011 to Apr. 2014 to study the effects of season, calving parity and body score on ovary activities of 120-day post-calving dairy cows reared at Bavi, Hanoi. Clinical examination of 746 cows showed that, 16.75%of them hadno estrous signsuntil 120-daypost-calvingowing to ovarianproblems. The percentages of ovarian disorderin Spring and Summer were higher than that in Autumn and Winter and also increased following the calving parities. In addition, the pathological symptoms of ovaries of the cows were affected by the body score, i.e., too fat or too thin cows.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of diferent cutting points on yieldandchemical composition of two new sorghum linesas well as quality of the ensilage. A total of 24 plots were arranged accoding to a completely randomized block design with 3 replicates to grow the two sorghum lines and4 cuttingpoints at different phases of plant growth. The cut materials were choped into 3-5cm in length by a slicer and mixed with supplements in small containers (3kg/container) for sillage making according to the following treatments: whole folliage at start of flowering, whole folliage with flowers, whole folliage with milky seeds, and whole maturefolliage with left flowers. It was found that the new sorghum lines had good growth with high green matter yield (72.45 to 101.14 ton /ha). Sorghum whole folliage at start of flowering, whole folliage with flowers, whole folliage with milky seeds can be easily made silage with 0.5% NaCl or 0.5% NaCl plus 5% molasses. The silage can be preserved for 3 months with low pH (3.80-4.29), low moulded proportion (2.39 to 3.56%), and low HCN content (6.97-7.74 mg/kg).

A study was carried out from December 2009 to December 2013. About 300 specimens was collected in lower Saigon - Dongnai river system. The resultsshowed that 81 species belongingto 56 genera, 32 families wererecognized and classified. Gobid family (Gobiidae) wasthe most diverse group, with 16 species (19.75% of the total). Croakers (Sciaenidae) and Gouramies family (Osphronemidae) were the second-most diverse group, consisting of6 species and account for 7.14%. The Sleepers family (Eleotridae) consistedof 6 species and accountedfor 6.17%. Other families consisted1-4 species, accountingfor 1.23 –4.94%. In the total of species classified, there were 38 migratory species, 35 economy valuable fish species, 2 species which are in Vietnam red list (2007, VU-Vulnerable).

Praziquantel has been used to control external parasites on marine fish but there is little data about its effect on treating external parasites infecting freshwater fish. This study examined whether praziquantel was able to control external parasites on freshwater fish in Vietnam. Four external parasites, monogenean trematode (Dactylogyrus sp.), parasitic Crustacea (Lenear sp.) and two ciliated Protozoa (Trichodina sp. and Epistylis sp.) naturally infecting Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), respectively, were experimentally treated. Infected fish were exposed to praziquantel in baths for periods of 1, 3, 24, 48 and 72 hrs at each of five different concentrations 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 mg/l with a control (0 mg/l) treatment. Doses of 7.5-10 mg/l praziquantel administered for 1-3 h for fish infected with two ciliated Protozoa and 24-72h for the other two parasites were effective in eliminating all parasites without killing the fish. Thus, praziquantel of doses at 7.5-10 mg/l immersed within 72h duration is an appropriate therapy for simultaneous treatment of a number of external parasites of freshwater fish. The results have important implications in the management of fish health in current aquaculture systems.

Our study was conducted for evaluating the efficacy of Circovac vaccine in preventing diseases caused by Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV) in pigs of Thanh Long company, Luong Son, Hoa Binh. The experiments were carried out in two trials. In each trial, there were 10 sows divided into 2 groups with and without vaccination. The results showed that Circovac vaccinated sows had better titers of antibodies against PCV2 than the unvaccinated sows. The percentage of PCV2 antibody positive samples collected from vaccination group were 100% with ≥3log2 titer, whereas only 9/20 (45%) samples collected from nonvaccination group had PCV2 antibody with low titer (<3log2). Comparison with the control group, using Circovac had shown to be highly efficacious in terms of reduced mortality, number of culls, and improved growth performance (p<0.05).

The experiment was conducted at Dai Xuyen Duck Research Center - NIAH to evaluate the production performance and meat quality of duck hybrid combinations between Dom and T14 - super meat line. Four groups of ducks: Dom, crossbreds PT (Dom father, T14 mother) and TP (T14 father, Dom mother) and T14, were each fed with 100 individuals from hatching to 10 weeks of age and body weight and FCR were recorded. At 8, 9 and 10 weeks of age, each group of 6 individuals was killed to assess carcass and meat quality criteria. The results showed that the above mentioned groups reached the body weight at 8 weeks of age: 1660, 2300, 2220 and 2890g per head, respectively; at 9 weeks of age: 1730, 2380, 2340 and 3030g per head, respectively and at 10 weeks of age 1880, 2560, 2530 and 3210g per head, respectively. The FCR increased with increased weights, lowest in T14, highest in Dom; PT and TP crossbreds were similar. From 8 to 10 week of age, the dress proportions of all groups had not changed apparently, in which thigh meat reduced and breast meat increased. The breast and thigh meats of all 4 groups had a high rednees. The slaughter ages increased, the brightness, yellowness and dehydration ratio after processing increased. There was no much difference between four duck groups on the color, tenderness, and dehydration ratio after processing.

The effects of using different feed sources on the growth and survival of the Ben Tre clam were carried out in the earthen ponds of ​​500m2at a stocking density of 150 clam/m2. The experiment consisted of three food source treatments:natural foods in seawater through water exchange (CT1),food from algae biomass production in clam ponds(CT2), anda combination of natural foods through water exchange and food from algae biomass ponds (CT3). Results showed that NH4and chlorophyll-a concentrations in the treatment CT2 were 0.54 ±0.04 mg/L and 6.80 ±0.02 μg/L,respectively,andwas significantly (P<0,05) higher than those in CT1 and CT2 treatments. Growth and survival rates of the clam were highest inCT3 (0.60 %/day and 86.99%, respectively) and were significantly higher than those in the treatment CT2 (0.37 %/day and 75.45%). There were no significant difference between CT1 and CT2 in growth and survival rates (P>0.05). Research results recommended that combination of natural food source in seawater through water exchange and food from algae biomass pond are suitable for commercial farming of clams in pond.

The research was performedto investigate the in vitroantibacterial effect of Clerodendrum fragrans vent. (roots,branchesand leaves) extract on 2 pathogenic bacteria (E. coliandSalmonella spp.) isolated from feces of diarrhea-infectedpiglets. The experimental clinical treatment of the extracts was also performed on diarrhea piglets. The results showed that ethanol 70% branch extract possessed the best in vitro antibacterial effect on both of tested bacteria with the largest diameter of inhibitory zone (E. coli- 23 mm and Salmonella spp. - 25 mm), while the root extract had only small inhibition zone and leaf extract had no inhibition zone. We compared the efficacy of Clerodendrum fragrans vent. branch by different extract solvents, including ethanol 35%, ethanol 70%, axit acetic 5% and aceton 70%. All of these branch extracts showed in vitro inhibition effect with E.coliand Salmonella spp., in which ethanol 35% extract possessed the best effect, shown by the largest diameter of inhibitory zone (E. coli-30,67 mm; Salmonella spp. - 32,33 mm). Ethanol 35% extract also had good in vitroantibacterial effect with large inhibitory zone (>20mm) on E. coli with antibacterial resistant palsmid (kanamycin resistantE. coliTop 10 pPS1; ampicillin resistantE. coliTop 10 pJET 1.2/blunt). The experimantal clinical treatment of ethanol 35% Clerodendrum fragrans vent. branch extract on diarrhea piglets also showed good results.

The study was conducted with the purpose of understanding the effects of climate on cropping system of the district of Thach That, Hanoin during 2000 - 2010 period. Hydro-meteorological data and statistical information related natural and social-economic conditions as well as cropping patterns were gathered and analyzed. In addition, multiple cropping model was implemented to compare with the traditional monocropping system. Crop diversity coefficient was calculated using Shannon’s formula. It was found that the climate and weather conditions during 2000-2010 period in Thach That district showed unusual occurrences as evidenced by lower mean temperature (23.8oC) and unusual high rainfall in October (537mm) in 2008 or no rain in July 2010.. Abnormal changes in temperature and rainfall had affected cropping area and the kinds of crops grown leading to changing cropping structure and loweringbiodiversity coefficient. As a result, the coefficient of biodiversity in 2008 was lowest (0.34) during 10 years period. In response to abnormal weather conditions, diversifying crops and cropping structure are suggested as solutions to achieve stable yield and economic efficiency.

From 2010 to 2013, the district has 97 projects for building infrastructure and industrial development with 15.932.530,10 square meters acquired land and total amount of 65,971,266,288 vietnam dong for compensation. For now, 50 projects have completed but also are 47 projects have still not finished for land clearance. The results showed that community consultation has important implications to investment projectsto ensure progress, time saving, cost reduction, claims and complaints reduction. With total 15 content for surveying, the result of study showed that: 5 content in very good level reached 33.3%; 2 contentin good level reached about 13.3%; 3 contentin acceptable level reached 20,0%; 4 content in not acceptable level reached 26.7%; 1 indicator is not measurable reached 6.7%. Conclusion, For the content of public community consultation of implementation of compensation, resettlement and resettlement supporting when the State recovers land with consent rate is 66.67% of the population (10/15), no consensus is 33.33% (5/15).

A crucial issue posed in practical research is analyzing and processing of collected data. If collected data is large, examining the information will be relatively complex and troublesome. This article presented two efficient methods in multi-dimension data processing, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. These methods were successfully tested to analyze a set of data from a research project in agronomy.

Một kỹ thuật mới dựa trên phổ huỳnh quang diệp lục HarvestWatchTM đặt trong môi trường bảo quản khí quyển điều chỉnh có nồng độ oxy thấp được thử nghiệm trên giống táo Greenstar để phát hiện thời điểm nồng độ oxy giảm quá thấp gây bất lợi cho hoạt động sinh lý của quả. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là phát triển mô hình để dự đoán phản ứng của táo bảo quản trong môi trường có nồng độ oxy rất thấp. Để đạt được mục tiêu này mô hình hồi quy tuyến tính được xây dựng dựa trên số liệu thực nghiệm để diễn tả sự phụ thuộc của giá trị chênh lệch của chlorophyll fluorescence (Δ Fα) đối với các nồng độ oxy bất lợi. Mô hình tuyến tính ARX được đề xuất để dự đoán giá trị chlorophyll fluorescence (Fα) ở các mức ức chế khác nhau. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hệ thống HarvestWatchTM có thể được phát triển để duy trì tối đa chất lượng quả táo khi bảo quản bằng công nghệ điều chỉnh khí quyển động.

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, one of the high-valued medicinal plants, is mainly used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study was conducted to establish the procedure for in vitro propagation of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with the aim of preservation and development this precious medicinal species. The highest seed germination of 40.43% was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l GA3 within 2 weeks. The seedling nodal explants (approximately 2-3 cm in height and one axillary bud) were used as source of in vitro propagation. The multiplication rate was highest (5.05 shoots/explant) after 4 weeks of culture when MS with 0.5 mg/l BA was used. α-NAA, IAA or IBA had positive effect on in vitro rooting of shoot. The optimal medium for in vitro rooting was MS medium containing 0.75 mg/l IAA, on which 100% of shoots induced roots with a mean of 6.19 roots/plant within 4 weeks of culture. In vitro plantlets after 30-days period of rooting were the most appropriate for successful acclimatization in greenhouse. Survival percentage of planlets was 100% in the substrate containing 50% of coconut fiber and 50% of sand and acclimatized plantlets showed good growth and development.

The purpose of this research was to analyze the current situation of the voluntary social insurance (VSI) of Vinh Phuc local workers and to propose some solutions to improve their engagement. The research wasconducted on 200 workers in 4 selected districts, cities in Vinh Phuc Province. The resultsshowed that the number of workers registering in VSIincreased butacconted for only a small portion of working people. The increasedrise of number ged in VSI differed interms ofage, payment level, occupation and residence location.Combined with information gathered during interviews, the authors proposed threersolutions to increase the engagement in VSI of workers in theprovince. These are: (1) Improving awareness of VSI among workers, (2) providing better servicesof social insurance agencies, and (3) providing support policy for vulnerable groups.

In recent years, despite an increase in quality of human resource, working capacity of the agricultural officials in communes (including agriculturalists) has not met the requirements for the taskimplementation. Surveys and observationson the working skills of the agricultural staff working in communesin Hoa Binh province showedthat the basic theoretical andprofessional capacity was rated as averaged, whileresearch capability was rated rather low. Other skills,such as problemsolving, monitoring production activities, diseminationof common techniques to farmers were rate weak. 17.5 percent of extesionistshave receivedprofessional training not suitable for their jobs. The resultsof this research may serve as basisfor proposing solutions to build and develop agricultural stafffor communes in Hoa Binh province in the future.

Reforming administrative procedures is an important content of the overall public administration reform program. Because reforming administrative procedures relates to individuals, businesses and organizations in social life, it is of great concern and considered as breakthrough content in innovating state administration during past few years. As a province with many advantages in the process of integration and development, Hung Yen soon implemented public administration reforming program, especially the reform of administrative procedures. Information related to administrative procedure reform for investment was gathered through surveillance of the enterprises and stakeholders, group survey and panel discussion. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative methods. The paper has clarified the current status of the administrative procedure reform and proposed the key solutions to accelerate administrative procedure reform to attract investments in the near future.

The paperanalyzed thefactors affecting the ability to apply VietGAP standards to swine raising at swine breeding farms in Ha Noi city. The findingspointed out that10 groups with 34 features exerted strong affect on the applicability ofVietGAP standards in cattle-breeding; among them, the“breeding hygiene” standard group hadthe largest effect and the the group whilethe “flow and consumption linkage” standard group dlowest effect on theapplicability ofVietGAP standards. Some policy recommendations for improving the applicability ofVietGAP standardsforswine breeding farms were suggested.

Pig farming for pork or pork productionis an important industry of the agricultural sector in Thanh Hoa province. In recent years, thanks to well management of local governments, pig rearing in the province has gradually developed; nevertheless, it is not really sustainable. Data gathered from statistical reports, especially from published statistical data on pig farming in general and pig farming for pork in particular were analyzedto evaluate the status and advantages anddisadvantages of pork production in the province. Some solutions for future pork production were recommended..