Ecological Efficiency in Livestock Farming - Overview and Research Prospects in Vietnam

Date Received: 10-06-2025

Date Accepted: 29-12-2025

Date Published: 23-01-2026

##submissions.doi##: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2026.24.1.12

Views

0

Downloads

0

How to Cite:

Hoa, B., Huong, L., Vien, T., & Son, C. T. (2026). Ecological Efficiency in Livestock Farming - Overview and Research Prospects in Vietnam. Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24(1), 120–131. https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2026.24.1.12

Ecological Efficiency in Livestock Farming - Overview and Research Prospects in Vietnam

Bui Phung Khanh Hoa 1, 2 , Le Thi Thu Huong 3 , Tran Duc Vien 2 , Cao Truong Son (*)

  • Tác giả liên hệ: [email protected]
  • 1 Phòng Quản lý Chất thải rắn, Sở Nông nghiệp và Môi trường Hà Nội
  • 2 Khoa Tài nguyên và Môi trường, Học viện Nông nghiệp Việt Nam
  • 3 Khoa Kế toán và Quản trị kinh doanh, Học viện Nông nghiệp Việt Nam

    • Keywords

    Ecological efficiency, livestock farming, Vietnam

    Abstract


    This article provided an overview of ecological efficiency in livestock farming. It focused on the following contents: The concept of ecological efficiency; methods for evaluating ecological efficiency and research prospects on ecological efficiency in livestock farming in Vietnam. The results show that ecological efficiency assessment is very important in sustainable development and has received attention and research from the world. Although Vietnam has oriented towards sustainable livestock farming development, there is currently no specific research on ecological efficiency in livestock farming. This is a promising research direction in the coming time in Vietnam and is very necessary for the government to assess the level of sustainable development and make the right decisions on livestock farming development.

    References

    Adenuga A.H., Davis J., Hutchinson G., Donnellan T. & Patton M. (2019). Environmental efficiency and pollution costs of nitrogen surplus in dairy farms: a parametric hyperbolic technology distance function approach. Environmental and Resource Economics. 74(3): 1273-1298. doi.org/10.1007/s10640-019-00367-2

    Aigner D., Lovell C.A.K. & Schmidt P. (1977). Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models. Journal of Econometrics. 6(1): 21-37. doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(77)90052-5.

    Aparicio J., Zofío J.L. & Pastor J.T. (2023). Decomposing economic efficiency into technical and allocative components: An essential property. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications. 197: 98-129. doi.org/10.1007/s10957-023-02188-2.

    Asmild M. & Hougaard J.L. (2006). Economic versus environmental improvement potentials of Danish pig farms. Agricultural Economics. 35(2): 171-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2006.00150.x.

    Bakucs Z., Ferto I., Latruffe L., Desjeux Y., Soboh R. & Dolman M. (2011). Comparative analysis of technical efficiency in European agriculture. Proceedings of the 2011 International Congress, Zurich, Switzerland, 30 August-2 September 2011.

    Bava L., Bacenetti J., Gislon G., Pellegrino L., D’Incecco P., Sandrucci A., Tamburini A., Fiala M. & Zucali M. (2018). Impact assessment of traditional food manufacturing: The case of grana Padano cheese. Science of the Total Environment. 626: 1200-1209. doi.org/10.1016/j. scitotenv. 2018.01.143

    Biagetti E., Gislon G., Martella A., Zucali M., Bava L., Franco S. & Sandrucci A. (2023). Comparison of the use of life cycle assessment and ecological footprint methods for evaluating environmental performances in dairy production. Science of the Total Environment. 905: 166845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166845.

    Brizga J., Miceikiene A. & Liobikiene G. (2019). Environmental aspects of the implementation of bioeconomy in the Baltic Sea region: An input-output approach. Journal of Cleaner Production. 240: 118238. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro. 2019.118238.

    Bruni F. & Franco S. (2003). Economia dell’impresa e dell’azienda agraria. FrancoAngeli. 276p.

    Canaj K., Mehmeti A., Morrone D., Toma P. & Todorovi M. (2021). Life cycle-based evaluation of environmental impacts and external costs of treated wastewater reuse for irrigation: A case study in Southern Italy. Journal of Cleaner Production. 293: 126142. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126142.

    Cao S.T., Tran H.P., Le H.T.T., Bui H.P.K., Nguyen G.T.H., Nguyen L.T., Nguyen B.T. & Luong A.D. (2021). Impacts of effluent from different livestock farm types (pig, cow, and poultry) on surrounding water quality: A comprehensive assessment using individual parameter evaluation method and water quality indices. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28(36): 50302-50315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14284-9

    Cecchini L., Romagnoli F., Chiorri M. & Torquati B. (2023). Eco-Efficiency and Its Determinants: The Case of the Italian Beef Cattle Sector. Agriculture. 13(5): 1107. doi.org/10.3390/ agriculture13051107.

    Cederberg C., Henriksson M. & Berglund M. (2013). An LCA researcher’s wish list - Data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production. Animal. 7(Suppl. 2): 212-219. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731113000785.

    Charnes A., Cooper W.W. & Rhodes E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research. 2(6): 429-444. doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8

    Chung Y.H., Färe R. & Grosskopf S. (1997). Productivity and undesirable outputs: A directional distance function approach. Journal of Environmental Management. 51(3): 229-240. https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.1997.0131.

    Cục Chăn nuôi (2023). Tài liệu “Hội nghị Thực trạng phát triển chăn nuôi lợn và giải pháp phát triển bền vững trong tình hình mới”. Truy cập từ https://nhachannuoi.vn/tong-quan-ve-nganh-chan-nuoi-lon-cua-viet-nam-giai-doan-2019-2022-p1-tang-truong-dan-va-san-luong-thit/ ngày 27/7/2023

    Cui X., Xiong J. & Liu Y. (2024). Agricultural eco-efficiency: Progress, challenges, and prospects. Journal of Resources and Ecology. 15(5): 1358-1367. doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764X.2024.05.022.

    Curry R. & Maguire C. (2011). The use of ecological and carbon footprint analysis in regional policy making: Application and insights using the REAP model. Local Environment. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2011.615306.

    Delgado C.L., Narrod C.A., Tiongco M.M. & de Camargo Barros G.S.A. (2008). Determinants and implications of the growing scale of livestock farms in four fast-growing developing countries (Vol. 157). International Food Policy Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1275538.

    De Vries M. & De Boer I.J. (2010). Comparing environmental impacts for livestock: A review of life cycle assessment. Livestock Science. 128: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2009.11.007

    De Vries J.W., Aarnink A.J.A., Groot Koerkamp P.W.G. & De Boer I.J.M. (2013). Life cycle assessment of segregating fattening pig urine and feces compared to conventional liquid manure management. Environmental Science & Technology. 47: 1589-1597. https://doi.org/10.1021/es302951a.

    Dong Y., Deng X.Z., Jin G. & cs. (2021). Research on the efficiency evaluation and influencing factors of rural professional cooperative organizations: A case study of Yuanping City, Shanxi Province. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning. 42(12): 184-193.

    Đào Quyết Thắng (2024). Xây dựng mô hình lý thuyết đánh giá hiệu quả sản xuất ngành chăn nuôi ứng dụng công nghệ cao bằng phương pháp phân tích màng bao dữ liệu. Tạp chí Kinh tế Xã hội. 3(3): 37-44. https://doi.org/10.58902/tcnckhpt.v3i3.166.

    Eriksson I.S., Elmquist H., Stern S. & Nybrant T. (2005). Environmental systems analysis of pig production - The impact of feed choice. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 10: 143-154. https://doi.org/10.1065/lca2004.06.160

    Fan J., Liu C., Xie J., Han L., Zhang C., Guo D., Niu J., Jin H. & McConkey B.G. (2022). Life cycle assessment on agricultural production: A mini review on methodology, application, and challenges. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19(16): 9817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169817.

    Farrell M.J. (1957). The measurement of productive efficiency. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General). 120(3): 253-290. https://doi.org/10.2307/2343100.

    Färe R., Grosskopf S., Lovell C.A.K. & Pasurka C. (1989). Multilateral productivity comparisons when some outputs are undesirable: A nonparametric approach. The Review of Economics and Statistics. 71(1): 90-98. https://doi.org/10.2307/1928055

    Fussler C. & James P. (1996). Driving Eco-innovation: A Breakthrough Discipline for Innovation and Sustainability. Pitman Publishing, London Washington DC: Pitman Publishing.

    Galanopoulos K., Aggelopoulos S., Kamenidou I. & Mattas K. (2006). Assessing the effects of managerial and production practices on the efficiency of commercial pig farming. Agricultural Systems. 88(2-3): 125-141. doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.03.002.

    González-García S., Belo S., Dias A.C., Rodrigues J.V., Costa R.R., Ferreira A. & & cs. (2015). Life cycle assessment of pigmeat production: Portuguese case study and proposal of improvement options. Journal of Cleaner Production. 100: 126-139. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.03.048

    Grossi G., Goglio P., Vitali A. & Williams A.G. (2019). Livestock and climate change: Impact of livestock on climate and mitigation strategies. Animal Frontiers. 9: 69-76. doi.org/10.1093/af/vfy034

    Halberg N., van der Werf H.M.G., Basset-Mens C., Dalgaard R. & de Boer I.J.M. (2005). Environmental assessment tools for the evaluation and improvement of European livestock production systems. Livestock Production Science. 96: 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.05.013.

    Huang H.P., Hu Q. & Qiao X.Z. (2018). A study on the dynamic changes of eco-efficiency in Jiangxi Province based on green GDP and ecological footprint. Acta Ecologica Sinica. 38(15): 5473-5484.

    MacLeod M., Gerber P., Mottet A., Tempio G., Falcucci A., Opio C., Vellinga T., Henderson B. & Steinfeld H. (2013). Greenhouse gas emissions from pig and chicken supply chains - A global life cycle assessment. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO): Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/i3460e/i3460e.pdf

    McAuliffe G.A., Chapman D.V. & Sage C.L. (2016). A thematic review of life cycle assessment applied to pig production. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 56: 12-22. doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2015.08.008.

    Moutinho V., Robaina M. & Macedo P. (2018). Economic-environmental efficiency of European agriculture - A generalized maximum entropy approach. Agricultural Economics - Zemědělská Ekonomika. 64: 423-435. https://doi.org/10.17221/45/2017-AGRICECON

    Mumu N.J., Ferdous J., Müller C., Ding W., Zaman M. & Jahangir M.M.R. (2024). Methodological progress in the measurement of agricultural greenhouse gases. Carbon Management. 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2024.2366527

    Lan K. & Yao Y. (2019). Integrating life cycle assessment and agent-based modeling: A dynamic modeling framework for sustainable agricultural systems. Journal of Cleaner Production. 238: 117853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro. 2019.117853

    Lansink A.O. & Reinhard S. (2004). Investigating technical efficiency and potential technological change in Dutch pig farming. Agricultural Systems. 79(3): 353-367.

    Lê Thị Mai Hương (2015). Hiệu quả kinh tế của các trang trại chăn nuôi heo ở Đồng Nai. Phát triển và Hội nhập. 25(35): 99-104.

    Ly N.T., Nanseki T. & Chomei Y. (2016). Technical efficiency and its determinants in household pig production in Vietnam: A DEA approach. The Japanese Journal of Rural Economics. 18: 56-61. https://doi.org/10.18480/jjre.18.56

    Nowak A., Kijek T. & Domańska K. (2015). Technical efficiency and its determinants in the European Union. Agricultural Economics. 61: 275-283.

    Pan D. & Ying R. (2013). Agricultural eco-efficiency evaluation in China based on SBM model. Acta Ecologica Sinica. 33(12): 3837-3845.

    Pawłowski K.P., Czubak W. & Zmyślona J. (2021). Regional diversity of technical efficiency in agriculture as a result of an overinvestment: A case study from Poland. Energies. 14: 3357.

    Rojas-Downing M.M., Nejadhashemi A.P., Harrigan T. & Woznicki S.A. (2017). Climate change and livestock: impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. Climate Risk Management. 16: 145-163.

    Rees W. (2000). Eco-footprint analysis: Merits and brickbat. Ecological Economics. 32(3): 371-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(99)00157-3

    Reinhard S., Lovell C.A.K. & Thijssen G.J. (2000). Environmental efficiency with multiple environmentally detrimental variables: Estimated with SFA and DEA. European Journal of Operational Research. 121(2): 287-303.

    Rivera J.E. & Chará J. (2021). CH₄ and N₂O emissions from cattle excreta: A review of main drivers and mitigation strategies in grazing systems. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 5: 657936. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.657936

    Rudinskaya T. & Naglova Z. (2021). Analysis of consumption of nitrogen fertilisers and environmental efficiency in crop production of EU countries. Sustainability. 13(16): 8720.

    Seiford L.M. & Zhu J. (2002). Modeling undesirable factors in efficiency evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research. 142(1): 16-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00293-4 .

    Simar L. & Wilson P.W. (2000). A general methodology for bootstrapping in non-parametric frontier models. Journal of Applied Statistics. 27(6): 779-802. https://doi.org/10.1080/02664760050081951.

    Suzigan L.H., Peña C.R. & Guarnieri P. (2020). Eco-efficiency assessment in agriculture: A literature review focused on methods and indicators. Journal of Agricultural Science. 12(7): 118-134. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n7p118

    Schaltegger S. & Sturm A. (1990). Ecological rationality: Approaches to the design of ecology-oriented management instruments. The Enterprise. 44(4): 273-290.

    Schmidheiny S. (1992). Changing course: A global business perspective on development and the environment. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.

    Swanepoel, F.J.C., Stroebel, A. & Moyo, S. (2021). The role of livestock in developing communities: enhancing multifunctionality. University of the Free State and CTA. Available online: https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/3003.

    Thủ tướng Chính phủ (2020). Quyết định số 1520/QĐ-TTg ngày 06/10/2020 về việc phê duyệt Chiến lược phát triển chăn nuôi giai đoạn 2021-2030, tầm nhìn 2045.

    Van Hung P., Nga N. T. D., & Lapar M. (2015). Improving the livelihood of small farmers in the pig value chain: Experiences in the north of vietnam. Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.

    Yang C.C., Hsiao C.K. & Yu M.M. (2008). Technical efficiency and impact of environmental regulations in farrow‐to‐finish swine production in Taiwan. Agricultural Economics. 39(1): 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2008.00314.x

    Yin K., Wang R.S., Zhou C.B. & & cs. (2012). Review of eco-efficiency accounting method and its applications. Acta Ecologica Sinica. 32(11): 3595-3605. https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201104280564.