Date Received: 30-10-2025
Date Accepted: 27-03-2026
Date Published: 29-04-2026
##submissions.doi##: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2026.24.4.12
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FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE LOYALTY IN GARMENT ENTERPRISES IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
,
Pham Van Hanh
1
Keywords
Employee loyalty, garment industry, working conditions, career development and training, SEM
Abstract
This study investigated the determinants of employee loyalty in garment enterprises in Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam. Survey data from 282 sewing-line workers in two large garment firms were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The model showed very good fit (CMIN/df = 1.345; CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.984; RMSEA = 0.035). The results indicated that compensation and benefits, working conditions, supervisor support, and career development and training all positively affected employee loyalty (P <0.001). Working conditions (β = 0.274) and career development/training (β = 0.271) were the strongest predictors, followed by compensation/benefits (β = 0.224) and supervisor support (β = 0.199). The model explained 50.5% of the variance in employee loyalty (R² = 0.505). The findings suggest that improving working conditions and strengthening training/career pathways should be prioritized to enhance workforce retention in garment enterprises.
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