Vol. 24 No. 8 (2026): Tạp chí Khoa học Nông nghiệp Việt Nam

This study aimed to assess the influence of organic fertilizer (OF) and lime application on selected soil physicochemical properties - namely soil pHH2O, soil organic matter (SOM), available phosphorus (P), and  bulk density - as well as on fruit yield and aril proportion of durian cultivated under acid sulfate soil conditions  (pHH2O < 5.0). The experiment comprised four treatments: (i) control, (ii) OF applied at 25kg tree−1 year−1, (iii) lime applied at 10kg CaO tree−1 year−1, and (iv) a combined treatment of OF (25kg tree−1 year−1) and lime (10kg  CaO tree−1 year−1). The field trial was conducted over a 1-year period (June 2023 - May 2024) in a Ri6 durian orchard located in Truong Long commune, Can Tho city. The combined application of OF and lime significantly improved soil chemical and physical attributes, as evidenced by increased pHH2O, higher available P and SOM contents, and reduced bulk density, indicating enhanced soil structure. This amendment increased fruit yield and a higher aril proportion. Correlation analysis further revealed positive relationships between yield and key soil fertility indicators (pHH2O, SOM, and available P). The findings underscore the effectiveness of integrating organic amendments with liming to improve acidic soils and promote sustainable durian production.

The study was conducted to evaluate and select inbred lines with high starch content, serving as the initial material for developing corn varieties for processing. Experiment 1 evaluated 15 samples of imported flour maize in the field during the Spring 2024 season, creating self-pollinating lines and determining starch content using the polarimetry method according to TCVN 9935:2013. As a result, four varieties with starch content over 68% were identified as NB1; NB8; NB9; NB12, from there, 18 self-crossed S1 lines were selected. Experiment 2 in the Autumn-Winter 2024 season, evaluating 18 S1 lines, continued self-pollination and determined starch content, identifying 11 lines with starch content above 68% as NB1-3; NB1-6; NB8-2; NB8-3; NB8-4; NB8-5; NB9-2; NB9-5; NB12-1; NB12-3; NB12-5, from there, 26 self-crossed S2 lines were selected. This is a new material that could be used in a breeding program for high-starch maize varieties for processing in Vietnam in the near future.

The study was conducted to determine the pathogenic characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing Translucent Postlarvae Disease (TPD) in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) at the postlarval stage, and to evaluate the effect of salinity on bacterial growth. Shrimp samples were analyzed to identify the causative agent using both conventional methods and PCR technique. A total of six V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated, of which two strains carried three virulence genes simultaneously and four strains carried a single gene. The  V. parahaemolyticus strain carrying three TPD virulence genes, designated CED25.047, was tested at seven salinity levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35‰). Results showed that CED25.047 grew strongly at salinities ranging from 15 to 35‰, with optimal growth at 15-30‰, and was inhibited at 5‰ and 10‰. The median lethal dose (LD50) caused mortality at 18h and 40h with bacterial concentrations of 1.1 × 106 CFU/ml and 5.0 × 103 CFU/ml, respectively. Histopathological observations revealed typical lesions in the hepatopancreas, including necrosis and degeneration of hepatopancreatic tubule cells, epithelial cell sloughing, and nuclear shrinkage/deformation.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of feed ingredients, focusing on chemical composition and safety limits. In this study, 67 samples of various feed ingredients from different feed mills and local brokers were collected to evaluate the quality. Biochemical and microbiological parameters were analyzed according to Vietnam National Standard methods, while amino acids and fatty acids were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC), respectively. The results showed that fishmeal was a rich source of protein. Peruvian and Chilean fish meals contained higher than 65% protein, whereas local fish meals contained less than 62%. Tra catfish byproduct meal comprised 56-62% protein and 8-10% lipid. Meat and bone meal exhibited high protein content (46 to 51%) and ash content (30 to 37%), but an imbalanced amino acid composition in comparison to fishmeal.The protein content of soybean meal ranged from 45% to 46%, while the lipid content was low (<3.5%). Marine fish oil contained essential fatty acids, including highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), while soybean oil provides valuable fatty acids, such as linolenic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. Starch sources, including rice bran, cassava, and wheat flour, were characterized by high carbohydrate content (45-86%). Furthermore, the results for ingredient safety limits showed that neither mycotoxins nor heavy metals exceeded their permissible limits.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with Sacha inchi meal (SIM) in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of colored broiler chickens. A total of 160 crossbred (Ho × Luong Phuong) chickens, with an initial average body weight of 1.507 ± 22.1g, were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments, each consisting of 40 birds with four replicate pens per treatment, balanced for body weight and male:female ratio. Birds in the control diet (CONT) were fed a basal diet containing 15% SBM, while in the three experimental diets, SBM was replaced with SIM at levels of 33.3% (SIM5), 66.7% (SIM10), and 100% (SIM15). The feeding trial lasted for 56 days. The results showed that replacing SBM with SIM had no significant effects on final body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass traits or meat quality parameters (P >0.05). However, the omega-3 fatty acid content increased, whereas the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and cholesterol content in broiler meat decreased significantly with increasing levels of SIM in the diet (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that SIM can completely replace SBM in the diet of colored broiler chickens, thereby improving the nutritional value and quality of the meat.

This study evaluated the effects of salinity and diet on the reproductive performance of broodstock razor clam (Solen grandis) under conditioning conditions to determine optimal parameters for artificial seed production. Two single-factor experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), including four salinity treatments (15, 20, 25, and 30‰) and five dietary treatments (three single-species microalgae, a mixed diet at a 1:1:1 ratio, and a commercial algal diet), each with three replicates. Broodstock were conditioned for 30-45 days under controlled conditions, and spawning was induced by combined thermal and salinity shocks. Results showed that a salinity of 25‰ and a mixed live microalgal diet yielded the highest reproductive performance, with survival rates of 73.67 ± 2.89% and 77.30 ± 2.89%, spawning participation rates of 67.02 ± 3.13% and 70.48 ± 3.43%, fertilization rates of 76.00 ± 4.36% and 76.50 ± 2.60%, and D-larval rates of 69.47 ± 4.27% and 69.60 ± 4.13%, respectively. Realized fecundity reached 82.32 ± 2.11 × 104 and 79.56 ± 5.56 × 104 eggs per female (P >0.05). The commercial algal mixture could temporarily serve as a substitute for live microalgae. These findings identified salinity of 25 ± 1‰ and mixed live microalgae as suitable conditions for broodstock conditioning and artificial seed production.

The study aimed to evaluate the role of CO2 sequestration in evergreen broadleaf natural forests within the Ngan Truoi Reservoir watershed, an area of critical importance for forest ecosystem services. Thirty-six standard plots (1,000m2 each) were established across three forest conditions (rich, medium, and poor). Forest biomass was estimated from field measurements (DBH, tree height) using regression equations, and subsequently converted into carbon stock and CO2 sequestration. Results showed statistically significant differences in CO2 sequestration capacity among forest conditions (the Kruskal-Wallis test, P <0.05). Rich forests sequestered the highest amount of CO2 (392.46 t/ha), followed by medium forests (219.76 t/ha) and poor forests (197.17 t/ha). The findings confirm that each forest condition contributes to CO2 uptake and storage. This study adds quantitative evidence on the CO2 sequestration potential of natural forests and provides a scientific basis for forest management, conservation, and restoration, contributing to climate change mitigation and sustainable forestry development.

Rainfall is a vital climatic factor that directly influences natural ecosystems, human life, and particularly agricultural production. In the context of increasingly complex climate change, with the growing frequency of extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall, storms, and floods, accurate rainfall prediction has become both crucial and challenging. This study focuses on evaluating the performance of various machine learning models in forecasting rainfall in a specific region. Rainfall data are typically characterized by strong nonlinearity, high variability, considerable randomness, and substantial noise. Therefore, this research proposes a multi-step data enhancement approach to improve model accuracy. Several machine learning algorithms are implemented and evaluated using key performance metrics such as Accuracy, Weighted F1-score, and AUC. The results indicate that the forecasting models achieved substantial performance improvements when trained on new dataset. Among them, XGBoost exhibited the most notable gains, with an average increase of 15.5% in both accuracy and weighted F1-score compared with using only the original data. The findings demonstrate the potential applicability of the proposed approach in regional rainfall analysis and forecasting, contributing to more reliable climate prediction and decision support, especially in agricultural production and water resources management.

Tại các chợ dân sinh ở Việt Nam, vận chuyển sản phẩm nông sản bằng xe máy hiện đang chiếm tỷ trọng lớn. Yêu cầu đặt ra trong quá trình vận chuyển là cần cung cấp thông tin về khối lượng chuyên chở của các sản phẩm nông sản nhưng hạn chế việc bốc dỡ sản phẩm để ngăn ngừa sự suy giảm về chất lượng của các sản phẩm này. Nhằm nâng cao độ chính xác của quá trình theo dõi khối lượng vận chuyển sản phẩm nông sản cần thiết phải khảo sát và đánh giá được ảnh hưởng của tốc độ di chuyển của phương tiện gây ra tải trọng động trong quá trình đo. Bài báo sử dụng mô hình dao động của phương tiện hai bánh gồm bốn bậc tự do. Mô hình được khảo sát và tính toán trong phần mềm Matlab trong vùng tốc độ thay đổi từ 3 đến 25km/h theo điều kiện mặt đường tại Việt Nam. Kết quả khảo sát có thể được sử dụng để hiệu chỉnh làm tăng độ chính xác trong quá trình theo dõi khối lượng nông sản vận chuyển. Sản phẩm theo dõi khối lượng này có thể sản xuất được ở Việt Nam, hỗ trợ rất tốt cho quá trình kinh doanh và vận chuyển sản phẩm nông sản tại các chợ dân sinh

Soybean residue is a nutrient-rich by-product of the soy milk industry, offering high potential as a sustainable supplement in mushroom cultivation. This study investigated the effects of incorporating soybean residue as a partial replacement for wheat bran in the substrate of Ganoderma lucidum GA2. Substrates were formulated with 1%, 3%, and 5% soybean residue. The results showed that mycelial growth and fruiting body formation remained comparable to the control at all supplementation levels. The supplementation of 3% soybean residue significantly increased polysaccharide content (34.91 mg/g DW), total polyphenols (8.81 mgGAE/g DW), and antioxidant activity (14.87 mgTE/g DW). These findings highlight soybean residue as a promising alternative to conventional materials, improving the medicinal properties of G. lucidum by increasing its bioactive compounds, and contributing to by-product valorization. 

Asian farming systems present a complex challenge: they serve as the backbone for both food security and rural livelihoods while simultaneously contributing substantial greenhouse gas emissions, yet how these environmental impacts vary across different development stages remains poorly understood. Our investigation studied greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4) alongside aggregate GHG levels to capture how agricultural factors influence each emission source differently. Drawing on panel data spanning 1990-2022, we employed ARDL and GLS modeling approaches, employing the three - effect analytical framework through its three mechanisms-scale, composition, and technique effects-to explore income - pollution dynamics. Our findings were consistent with the three - effect framework: wealthier nations demonstrate reduced environmental footprints through stringent regulations and advanced technologies. Agricultural exports amplified emissions in lower and lower - middle income countries while reducing them in high - income economies. Farm labor force expansion drived long - term emission increases, with particularly pronounced effects in poorer nations. Agricultural value - added showed contrasting impacts across income categories. The study further proposes several policy directions aimed at reconciling growth objectives with denvironmental protection across Asia.

The study aimed to assess the current situation and analyzed the factors affecting the management of agricultural waste and by-products towards the circular economy in Hai Phong city. Descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and case study methods were employed to analyze data collected from 92 stakeholders, including households/farms, collectors, recyclers. The results showed that agricultural waste and by-products in Hai Phong were managed through three circular models: closed-loop circulation, open-loop circulation, and energy recovery. However, a significant proportion of waste and by-products was still disposed of. The main causes of this situation included: the policy framework for circular agriculture remained incomplete, resources for policy implementation were short; farmers had limited awareness and capacity to adopt circular models; local infrastructure for agricultural waste collection and recycling was underdeveloped; and roles and coordination among stakeholders were weak. Therefore, integrated solutions are needed to promote circular agricultural waste management in Hai Phong city 

This study assessed the influence of digital transformation on accounting information quality in enterprises in Hung Yen province. The research employed Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA, CFA, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to validate scale reliability and explore the relationships among variables in the proposed framework. The findings showed that enterprises had initially applied technology, process innovation, and information system integration in accounting activities. However, accounting information quality still had certain limitations, particularly in terms of accuracy and faithful representation of economic transactions. SEM results indicated that process innovation and information system integration had positive and statistically significant effects on accounting information quality, while technology application did not show a statistically significant direct effect in the research context. Based on the findings, the study proposed several solutions to improve accounting information quality through digital transformation in accordance with the conditions of local enterprises.

Rice production plays an important role in ensuring food security; however, it is also a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture, mainly CH4, N2O, and CO2. This article focuses on clarifying several theoretical issues concerning the development of low-emission rice production, including its concept, characteristics, roles, major measures, and influencing factors. The review findings indicate that the development of low-emission rice production is a multi-objective development process that integrates the requirements of maintaining productivity, improving economic efficiency, protecting the environment, and adapting to climate change. The major measures include appropriate water management; innovation in cultivation practices; sustainable management of fertilizers and rice straw; energy conservation; and strengthening production organization in association with sustainable farming standards. The article also points out that low-emission rice production depends on various factors, such as ecological conditions, technical capacity, household resources, irrigation infrastructure, markets, policies, and producers’ awareness.