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• Determining the Presence of the Kala1, Kala3, Kala4 and Rc Genes in Colored Rice Materials to Support Breeding Efforts

  Le Thu Thao, Pham Van Tuan, Trinh Thi Ly, Do Thanh Lan, Ngo Thi Hong Tuoi

  Date Received: 20-02-2025 / Date Accepted: 11-07-2025 / Date Published: 31-07-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study aimed to identify the genes responsible for rice grain pericarp color (Kala1, Kala3, Kala4, and Rc) and evaluate agronomic characteristics to support the development of colored rice varieties with short growth duration, high yield, and good quality. The experiment to evaluate the agrobiological characteristics, yield of the colored rice materials was arranged according to the group survey method, sequentially without repetition, the method of evaluating the indicators according to the IRRI (2013). Determination of the presence of four genes Kala1, Kala3, Kala4 and Rc was performed by PCR reaction with four SSR markers according to the method of Gu et al. (2011) and McCouch et al. (2002). The growth duration of the studied rice varieties ranged from 109-120 days (2023 Summer season) and 112-125 days (2024 Spring season). Varieties grown during 2023 Autumn season exhibited superior growth and yield compared to those in the 2024 Spring season. Additionally, the study identified the presence of the Kala1, Kala3, Kala4, and Rc genes in pericarp color. Rice samples with dark black pericarps carried all four genes, while samples with dark brown pericarps lacked one or two genes. In contrast, white rice samples (BT7 control) carried only the Rc gene and lacked Kala1, Kala3 and Kala4. Notably, promising varieties such as LM11, LM15, LM7 and LM5 demonstrated superior agronomic traits, high yields, and the presence of all four genes associated with pericarp pigmentation. The findings of this study pave the way for further research into the genetic mechanisms governing rice pericarp color, supporting the breeding of colored rice varieties with high anthocyanin content.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2025.23.7.01

• Influence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism G/T at 5’-Splice Site of Intron 1 of WaxyGene on Amylose Content and Gel Consistency in Vietnamese Rice

  Nguyen Quoc Trung, Luu Thi Van, Nguyen Chinh Viet, Tong Van Hai

  Date Received: 10-06-2020 / Date Accepted: 21-01-2021

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The cooking and eating quality of rice, which are defined by amylose content (AC) and gel consistency (GC), are important criteria determiningthe export price of Vietnamese rice. These properties mainly depend on the amylose content in rice grain endosperm and are regulated by the Waxygene. This study aimedto determine the effect of point mutation G/T in the first intron of Waxygene with AC and GT traits in Vietnamese rice accessions. The AC evaluation in 64 accessions resultedfrom26 accessions with high AC and 5 accessions with average AC; 20 accessions with low AC; 2 accessions had very low AC and 11 accessions of glutinous rice, respectively. The GC evaluation results classified the materials into 5 groupsincluding: very hard (25 accessions); hard (1 accession); medium (13 accessions); soft (11 accessions) and very soft (14 accessions). Using CAPS markers, there were 31 samples possessed SNP G and Wxaalleles and 33 samples possessed SNP T and Wxballeles. Comparison of genotypic and phenotypic results showed that the PCR-AccI has high accuracy for detection of Waxygenotype and needed to apply in breeding programs for quality rice.

• Grow-Out Oyster Crassostrea belcherifrom Different Seed Sourcesin the Mangrove Forest Canal in Ca Mau Province

  Ngo Thi Thu Thao, Tran Cam Loan

  Date Received: 19-01-2018 / Date Accepted: 02-04-2018

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The aim of the study was to evaluate the growth, survival rate, yield and quality of the oysters with seeds originated from Ben Tre, Tra Vinh and Ca Mau provinces. Oysters were cultured in the canal at Dam Doi district, Ca Mau province. Oysters with initial shell length of 8-9 cm were cultured in the net frame with a density of 140 individuals/m2. After 7 months of culture, the survival rate of Ca Mau oysters was higher than that of Ben Tre and Tra Vinh but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Ca Mau oysters reached highest shell length (120.20 ± 0.71 mm), total weight (147.37 ± 1.62 g) and productivity (22.62 ± 0.33 kg/m2) and there were significant difference with oysters originated from Ben Tre and Tra Vinh (p < 0.05). Quality evaluation of oysters showed that the appearance of shell, deliciousness of flesh oysters were not significantly different among oyster sources (p>0.05). Oysters derived from Ben Tre and Tra Vinh provinces can be cultured successfully in canal at Dam Doi district, Ca Mau province. The findings from this study are helpful for aquaculture practices in order to supply oyster seeds from the places that have spat collectors for oyster culture activities in Ca Mau province if neccessary.

• PREDICTION MODELS FOR COLOUR CHANGES IN ORANGE FLESHED SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.) DURING HOT AIR DRYING

  Hoang Quoc Tuan, Le Canh Toan

  Date Received: 27-06-2015 / Date Accepted: 11-03-2016 / Date Published: 12-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different temperatures of hot air drying on the quality attributes of orange fleshed sweet potato including colour parameters and colour sensory quality. The drying experiments were carried out at five air temperature of 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80oC. The colour parameters, L(whiteness/darkness), a(redness/greenness) and b(yellowness/blueness) for colour change of the materials were quantified by the Hunter Lab system. These values were also used for calculation of total change (E), hue angle, chroma and browning index. A consumer preference test was conducted with 80 consumers to assess the colour quality of five dried orange fleshed sweet potato samples. Relationship between colour sensory scores of consumer’s taste and quantification of three Hunter parameters using least square regression indicated that all colour values significantly affect colour quality ranking of dried orange fleshed sweet potato. The zero-order model appeared best suited to explain the colour change kinetics during hot drying orange fleshed sweet potato slices at 70oC.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2016.14.3.

• Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of some Accessions of Glinus oppositifolius(L.)

  Vu Thi Hoai, Ninh Thi Phip, Nguyen Thi Nga

  Date Received: 12-10-2021 / Date Accepted: 05-07-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) study was performed for characterized on morphology and anatomy of 5 assessions of G. oppositifolius(RĐ1-RĐ5) collected in 5 provinces in Vietnam. The results showed that all assessions have similar morphological structures (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds), and anatomical structures (roots, stems, leaves). But there hadsome different characteristics in adult stem color (RĐ1, RĐ2, RĐ4, RĐ5 are reddish-brown, RĐ3 is yellow-green); leaf color (RĐ3 was light green, RĐ5 was dark green, RĐ1, RĐ2, RĐ4 were green); RĐ3 assession hadthe highest values of root and leaf size (the root number was 14.60 roots/plant; the leaf length and leaf width were2.33 ± 0.02cm and 1.00 ± 0.06cm, respectively), RĐ5 assession hadthe smallest values of leaf size (the leaf length and leaf width were 1.80 ± 0.01cm and 0.51 ± 0.05cm, respectively). Anatomically, the size of the parenchyma in the stem, the libe bundle in the roots, the stem, and the main leaf veins of the RĐ3 assession hadthe largest sizes. Whereas, the RĐ5 hadthe highest value of leaf thickness (palisade mesophyll thickness was 277.8 ± 6.8µm and spongy mesophyll thickness was 198.9 ± 10.3µm).

• Evaluation of Agro-Morphological Characteristics of some Local Apricot Accesions Grown in Huong Son Commune, My Duc, Hanoi

  Lê Thị Tuyết Châm, Dinh Thi Thuy Linh, Hoang Dang Dung, Doan Thu Thuy

  Date Received: 10-04-2025 / Date Accepted: 20-05-2025 / Date Published: 30-05-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Japanese apricot (Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc.) is a valuable temperate fruit tree grown mainly in Northern Vietnam. However, studies on the agronomic characteristics of apricot the local accessions are still lacking, especially those grown in Huong Son, My Duc, Hanoi. This study aimed to evaluate the agro-morphological characteristics of three Japanese apricot accessions (Ta, Yen Bai, Ma Dao) being grown in Huong Son commune. Each local accession was evaluated on 10 trees, each tree was a replication, with the criteria of leaf shape and color; shape, weight and Brix of the fruit, shape and weight of stone and yield of the 3 accessions. The evaluation results showed that the 3 apricot accessions all have round-ovate leaf shape. However, the growth form, color, and weight of the 3 accessions are very different. The growth form of Ta apricot is semi - upright and spread, while Yen Bai apricot and Ma Dao apricot have an semi - upright growth habit. The fruit weight and yield of Ta apricot are also higher than the other accessions. Thus, among the three accessions, Ta apricot grew the best under the cultivation conditions in Huong Son.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2025.23.5.02

• Optimization of Saliva Sample Processing to Increase Sensitivity in Diagnosis of African Swine Fever

  Le Tran Hoang Anh, Bui Le Thuy, Dang Thi Hang, Tran Thi My An, Dam Quoc Khanh, Mai Thi Ngan

  Date Received: 05-10-2024 / Date Accepted: 17-01-2025 / Date Published: 23-01-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  African swine fever (ASF) is a dangerous infectious disease with a mortality rate of up to 100%. Collecting saliva samples for diagnosis to monitor ASF has many advantages, but the low viral load in saliva samples, it affects the sensitivity of diagnostic methods. This study improved the saliva sample processing to increase the sensitivity of the diagnosis method. Semi-alkaline proteinase (SAP) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to process saliva samples. The optimal volume ratio of SAP and PEG solutions to saliva samples was 1:3 and 1:0.4, respectively. The results of ASFV diagnosis from saliva samples after processing with SAP and PEG showed increased sensitivity of real-time PCR reaction. Of 12 field samples, 7/12 samples gave positive results after processing with SAP and PEG compared to only 4/12 positive samples when not processed with SAP and PEG. Thus, applying the saliva sample processing increased the sensitivity of the real-time PCR method in ASF diagnosis, promising to be a useful support tool for ASF surveillance.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2025.23.1.04

• Survey on Prevalence of Influenza a (Subtype H5N1, H5N6 and H7N9) Virus in Northern Provinces at Border to China

  Nguyen Thi Lan, Pham Ngoc Thach, Dao Le Anh, Trinh Dinh Thau

  Date Received: 07-02-2017 / Date Accepted: 03-04-2017

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  1500 swab pools were collected from poultry and birds in 15 live-bird markets in 5 provinces in the north of Vietnam from July 2015 to July 2016 to determine the prevalence of avian influenza A virus (H5N6, H5N1 and H7N9) in these provinces. We identified 343 positive samples in 1500 samples with the prevalence of 22.86 percent for influenza type A viruses. 69/1500 samples (4.60%) from 4 provinces (Lang Son, Quang Ninh, Cao Bang and Lao Cai) were positive with H5 subtype virus. For avian influenza A/N6 subtype virus, we detected 49/1500 (3.27%) positive samples with prevalence in Lang Son, Quang Ninh, Cao Bang and Lao cai (6.0%; 5.0%; 2.33% and 3.0%, respectively). The results showed 7/1500 (0.47%) positive samples with avian influenza A/H5N1 virus in Cao Bang, Lang Son and Quang Ninh.

• Study on Extraction and Separation of Anthocyanin from Hibiscus Sabdariffa Calyx. Application to Produce the Rapid Indicator Paper of Detecting the Borax in Food

  Nguyen Thi Hien, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy, Nguyen Thi Loan

  Date Received: 29-05-2012 / Date Accepted: 12-08-2012 / Date Published: 13-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The extraction and purification of anthocyanin pigments from calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa, and its use as potential rapid indicator paper for detecting the borax in food were investigated. By using the colour comparison and the differential pH methods, the optimal conditions for pigment extraction were identified as follows: ethanol solvent to water is 50:50 with supplement 1% HCl; the ratio of solvent per raw-material is 14 ml/1g; extracting duration is 6 days. By fractional extraction method, the crude anthocyanin pigments are isolated from extracts of Hibiscus calyx. The concentration of pigments in the dry and fresh material was 15.2% and 1.06%, respectively. The acidity of the dry ingredients is 3.37 mldH+ /1g of raw material, the acidity of the dry pigment is 3.83 mldH+/1g of colour substance, respectively 0.58 mldH+ /1g dry material and the acid reduced 83%. By surveying several conditions for production of the indicator paper, the appropriate parameters are selected with color dilution of 1gram of dry colour substance to 400ml distilled water ratio; duration of color impregnated on paper is 120 seconds; the duration of indicator paper exposure to food (or food fluid) is 90 seconds. A minimum level of the indicator paper for detecting the borax is identified as 40 mg/1 kg of food. This result has shown that the minimum detectable limit is equivalent to turmeric paper. As for sensitivity, when testing on a number of food materials, the similar results were also been obtained.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2012.10.5.

• Morphological, Anatomical and Flowering Characteristics ofSome of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgarisL.)Accessions

  Ninh Thi Phip, Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai, Dinh Thai Hoang

  Date Received: 27-08-2014 / Date Accepted: 04-06-2015 / Date Published: 13-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  A total of12 mugwort assessions (G1to G15) collected from thep rovinces in Northern Viet Namwere characterized on morpholoy, anatomy and flowering. The resuts showed thatthemugwort accessions were rather diverse instem color (green -G13, G14; purple green G1, G2 - and purple -G4), flower color (white and light yellow), plant height (from 32.45 cm in G7 to 148.8 cm in G2), branching (from 7.25 branches/plant in G1 to 29.75 branches/plant in G9), and flowering. Flowering of mugwort started from September (G1, G2) to November (G13, G14) and time from flowering to ripping seeds was onemonth in all of accessions. The high of fertility rate (>90%) of pollenwasobservedin all assessions. Seed shape and 1000 seed mass (0.1 -0.2 g) wereassession-specific.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2015.13.4.

• Application of Thin Cell Layer Technique in Studying Morphogenesis of Panax vietnamensis HaetGrushv.

  Duong Tan Nhut, Vu Thi Hien, Vu Quoc Luan, Nguyen Phuc Huy, Nguyen Ba Nam, Nguyen Thi Kim Loan, Nguyen Thanh Sang, Vu Thi Thuy, Nguyen Hong Hoang, Thai Xuan Du

  Date Received: 07-08-2014 / Date Accepted: 04-06-2015 / Date Published: 13-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  In the present study, the morphogenesis of leaf tTCLs, petiole lTCLs and petiole tTCLs, and main root tTCLs of Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. was investigated. Explants were cultured on MS media containing 30 g/l sucrose, 8 g/l agar and different concentrations of plant growth regulators including NAA, 2,4-D, BA and TDZ (alone or in combination). After 10 weeks of culture, results indicated that leaf tTCLs, petiole lTCLs and main root tTCLs gave the embryogenesis, callogenesis and root formation whilst petiole tTCLs resulted in callogenesis and root formation but not embryogenesis. The highest embryogenesis rate (89.6%), callogenesis rate (91 - 98.8%) and root formation rate (98.8%) were recorded when leaf tTCLs were cultured on media supplemented with 2.0 mg/l NAA and maintained under a long photoperiod with 16:8-h light-dark cycle (LD 16:8); leaf tTCLs, petiole lTCLsand petiole tTCLs, main root tTCLs were cultured on media with 2,4-D plus BA under a long photoperiod and darkness; and media with 1.0 mg/l NAA under darkness, respectively. Light conditions significantly affected the morphogenesis of all explant types. LD 16:8 was found to be suitable for embryogenesis, and formation of globular, heart- and torpedo-shaped, and cotyledonary embryos were observed. The darkness, on the other hand, showed to be effective for root formation and callogenesis, milk-white roots with few branches and yellowish friable calli were obtained.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2015.13.4.

• The Efficiency of Nitrogen Application by Leaf Color Chart and Sugarcane Filter Cake on Growth, Yield and N Uptake of Sugarcane on Alluvial Soils in The Mekong Delta

  Nguyen Quoc Khuong, Nguyen Kim Quyen, Ngo Ngoc Hung

  Date Received: 21-09-2015 / Date Accepted: 06-03-2016 / Date Published: 12-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The objective of this study was to evaluate efficiency of nitrogen application by leaf color chart (LCC) on growth, yield and N uptake of sugarcane on alluvial soils applied with sugarcane filter cake (SFC) in the Mekong Delta. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block with four replications. The treatments were (i) nitrogen application timing by LCC, (ii) nitrogen application timing by recommendation,(iii) nitrogen application timing by LCC on alluvial soils applied with SFC and (iv) nitrogen application timing by recommendation on alluvial soils applied with SFC. Results showed that the nitrogen application by LCC increased plant height, yield, N uptake compared to nitrogen application by recommendation on alluvial soils with and without SFC. Besides, nitrogen application by LCC was equally efficient as nitrogen application by recommendation combined withSFC in terms of plant height, plant density, yield, N uptake in Cu Lao Dung and Long My. The nitrogen application timing by LCC was extended on alluvial soils appliedwith SFC compared to LCCalone. Sugarcane yield increasedby12 -15 tons ha-1in Cu Lao Dung and 11-13 tons ha-1in Long My through nitrogen application by LCC on soils with and without SFC.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2016.14.3.

• Evaluation of Nitrate Residue in Vegetables Cultivated in BacNinh Province

  Dang Tran Trung, Nguyen Quang Thach, Do Tan Dung

  Date Received: 07-11-2017 / Date Accepted: 27-03-2018 / Date Published: 12-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The present study determined the nitrate contents in vegetables from 31 main vegetable growing localities in Bac Ninh province in the period2015-2016. Vegetable samples were collected in the fields and the nitrate contents were determinated according to Vietnam Standard TCVN 9016:2011 (Vietnam Ministry of Sciences and Technology, 2011). In comparison with the regulations promulgated by the decisions 46/2007/QĐ-BYT and 99/2008/QĐ-BNN, 29 greens mustard samples, 16 cabbage samples, 15 water spinach samples, 7 tomato samples, 9 kohlrabi samples, 2 lettuce samples, 9 coriander samples, and 15 green onion samples contained the nitrate content exceeding the standard, ranging from 1.06 to 12.21 folds, except wax gourd... These results indicate warning to farmers and policy makers of Bac Ninh province to take measures for controling nitrate-content in vegetables.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2018.16.1.

• Diversity and Distribution of Zoobenthos Community at Integrated Shrimp-mangrove Farms in Ca Mau Province

  Au Van Hoa, Tran Trung Giang, Le Van Linh, Nguyen Thi Kim Lien, Vu Ngoc Ut

  Date Received: 22-08-2023 / Date Accepted: 05-01-2024 / Date Published: 12-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study was conducted to evaluate the distribution and diversity of zoobenthos species composition at integrated shrimp-mangrove farms in Ca Mau province. The sampling was taken monthly during 12 months, from January to December 2022. At each sampling, samples of zoobenthos were collected in 9 farms (3 farms/district) in three districts of Ca Mau province, including Dam Doi, Nam Can, Ngoc Hien. A total of 49 species were identified and they belonged to 43 genera, 4 classes and 3 phylums, including Molluscan, Annelida and Arthropods. The molluscan community was the most pre-dominant (28 species), followed by Annelida (15 species) and Arthropods (6 species). The number of mollusca species was higher than those of the others. Total zoobenthos abundance in each point varied from 16 to 30 species, with the mean ranging from 119 to 2,833 ind./m2. The species composition and abundance of Gastropoda were highest within the study area. The Gastropoda represented the highest number ranging from 2-15 species and density from 2-2,794 ind./m2in the study area. The shannon (H’) diversity index ranged from 0.6~1.4, indicating that the diversity richness of zoobenthos characterized by sampling sites and periods was low to moderate level. The species diversity of zoobenthos in Nam Can area was considerably lower compared to that in Dam Doi and Ngoc Hien areas..

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2024.22.2.

• Diversity of Zoobenthos in the Shrimp Culture Area in Ca Mau Province During Rainy Season

  Au Van Hoa, Tran Trung Giang, Nguyen Thi Kim Lien, Huynh Thi Ngoc Hien, Vu Ngoc Ut, Huynh Truong Giang

  Date Received: 05-07-2021 / Date Accepted: 21-01-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study aimed to determine the species diversity and composition of the benthic communities during the rainy season within the shrimp culture areas in Ca Mau province. The purpose of this study was to find the changes in species composition, and density distribution within the shrimp culture area as the basis for biological monitoring of the water quality in brackishwater shrimp farming areas. Benthic samples were collected at 9 sites in June and September, 2019. The results showed a total of 34 benthic species belonging to 31 genera, 24 families, 16 orders, 5 classes and 3 phylums. The number of species were variation among the sampling sites, from 2 to 11 species with a density ranged from 9 to 2,547 inds/m2. There were 23 benthos species identified during June, lower than those in September with 25 species. Additionally, the density of the zoobenthos in June were observed 2.5 times higher in comparison to those in September. The species composition and density of Gastropoda were highest within the study area. The similarity of the distribution of benthos was 18.9% at 9 sampling sites and divided into three groups. Shannon diversity index (H') ranged from 0.3 to 1.8, which indicated that the benthic diversity richness characterized by sampling location and time was low to moderate in the shrimp culture areas during rainy season.

• Evaluation of Agronomical Characteristics of Ginger Lily (Hedychiumspp.) Accessionsin Gia Lam - Hanoi for Ornamental Purpose

  Trinh Thi Mai Dung, Vu Van Liet, Nguyen Thanh Hai, Phung Thi Thu Ha

  Date Received: 01-07-2020 / Date Accepted: 03-03-2021

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Hedychium(ginger-lily)genus, belongs to Zingiberaceae familyand is not only known as medicinal plants but also ornamental materials. Our study focused on evaluating the characteristics of growth, development, and flower quality of five ginger-lily accessions, collected in some Northern provinces of Vietnam and planted in Gia Lam, Hanoi for ornamental purposes. The experiment was arranged in blocks of non-repeating sequence, each accession being as one block. The results showed that five ginger-lily accessions grew all-year-round, lacked the withering stage, flowered from July to November, had the height of plants from 90.5 to 168.8 cm, with slight pest damage. The flowers of all accessions were fragrance with the milky white perianth, except the NT3 had bright yellow perianth. Five ginger-lily accessions hadlongevity of spike from 15 to 27 days, a big spike with 8.5 to 29.2cm in length and 1.9 to 8.5cm in diameter, number of bracts on a spike from 8 to 30, number of flowers on the bract from 2 to 7 flowers/bract, number of the spike on a clump from 1 to 4 spike/clump. In conclusion, all five accessions were well suited to develop decorative landscaping and cut flowers purpose.

• Gastrointestinal Tract Morphology and Clark Index of the Linecheek Tank Goby Glossogobius sparsipapillus Caught from Coastal Estuaries of Bac Lieu and Ca Mau Provinces

  Tran Tri Canh, Nguyen Huu Duc Ton, Nguyen Thi Thuy Hien, Dinh Minh Quang

  Date Received: 08-11-2020 / Date Accepted: 24-12-2020

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study was aimed to provide data on gastrointestinal tract morphology and the relationship of Clark indexand gender, season and sampling site variables of the Linecheek tank goby Glossogobius sparsipapillus. Fish specimens were sampled monthly using trawling nets from September 2019 to August 2020, at three sites in Bac Lieu and Ca Mau provinces. After catching, the samples were determined sex, total length and weight, gastrointestinal tract morphology, gut length and Clark index.The analysis results of 729 specimens showed that this species had a long and pointed snout, flattened head, the mouth was wide and oblique, the lower jaw protruded, and the incision extended to the front eye. There were many rows of teeth on each jaw. It was a carnivorous fish as its intestine length was shorter than the total length of fish (RLG ranged from 0.18to0.83(0.44 ± 0.00)). This species had a high energy storage capacity due to the high value of the Clark index. The Clark of this species varied with season, sampling site, month and season × sampling site, but not gender, gender × sampling site and gender × season. The results have contributed to understanding in future aquaculture of this species.

• Effects of Dietary Canthaxanthin on Growth and Skin Color of Permit (Trachinotus falcatus)

  Nguyen Quang Huy, Do Van Thin

  Date Received: 21-08-2018 / Date Accepted: 08-11-2018

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary canthaxanthin on growth and skin color of permit (Trachinotus falcatus) cultured in sea cages. Four formulated diets with the same nutritional composition (45% protein and 15% lipid) were supplemented with canthaxanthin at 0 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg. Yellow color on the body and fins of the fish was evaluated by colorimetry using Yolk Color Fan. The growth, feed conversion ratio and survival of the fish were not significantly different (P >0,05) after 30 days of culture. However, the yellow color on the body and fins was markedly different among treatments. Fish fed diet supplemented with with 120 mg canthaxanthin/kg had higher yellow scores than those fed control diet (0 mg/kg) and 40 mg/kg diet (P <0,05). There was no difference in color score between treatments supplemented with 0, 40 and 80 mg canthaxanthin/kg. The results showed that supplementation of 120 mg canthaxanthin/kg diet effectively enhanced skin color of permit.

• Genetic Diversity in Common Bean Accessions Evaluated by Means of Morpho-Agronomical and SSR Data

  Pham Thi Ngoc, Nguyen Quoc Trung, Vu Van Liet

  Date Received: 12-05-2016 / Date Accepted: 20-12-2016 / Date Published: 13-06-2025

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The knowledge and understanding of genetic variability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) germplasm is important for utilization and conservation. The Oobjective of this study was to analyzesis ofgenetic diversity of 60 accessions that collected in Vietnam and from other countries. Results based on mMorphological markers showed that 60 germplasms accessions werearevery diverse and they were dievided into 7 groups with genetic similarity index of 0.17. Using SSR markers to evaluate genetic diversity,Fifteen15SSR markersamong 20 used wereshowed polymorphismcwith total of 69 alleleswith and an average of 4.6 alleles per locus. BM152 marker had highest PIC value (0.73). Four major clusters were grouped for 60 accessions with genetic similarity at 0.69. The,dendrogram showing the genetic relationships was constructed by the unweighted pairedgroup method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) using the software NTSYS-pc 2.01. The results of this study indicatedthat SSR analysis could be successfully used for the estimation of genetic diversity among common bean accessions. The diversity of common beanThatare of the highest usefulnessfor breeding purposes.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2016.14.12.

• Evaluation and Selection of Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms Varieties in Hanoi

  Ninh Thi Phip, Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai, Duong Thi Duyen, Vu Huong Thuy, Nguyen Mai Thom, Vu Thi Hoai, Dao Xuan Quang, Nguyễn Phương Mai

  Date Received: 18-11-2025 / Date Accepted: 27-01-2026 / Date Published: 28-02-2026

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  A study was conducted to evaluate and select promising accessions of Polyscias fruticosa from five collected accessions with high medicinal yield and quality. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Hanoi from 2019 to 2021. The results indicated that all varieties were shrubby growth habit, stems with irregularly distributed lenticels, and bipinnate to tripinnate compound leaves. VT-ĐL5.1 possessed broadly oval leaves with a blunt apex; VT-ĐL4.1 was the darkest green foliage; and VT-ĐL3.1 had the smallest leaf size. VT-ĐL5.1 (large-leaf genotype from Nam Định) exhibited the most vigorous growth in plant height and the highest dry matter accumulation, resulting in the greatest fresh root yield (6.54 ton/ha), followed by VT-ĐL4.1 (6.23 ton/ha) and VT-ĐL2.1 (6.14 ton/ ha). In terms of phytochemical composition, VT-ĐL4.1 recorded the highest oleanolic acid content (0.104%), whereas VT-ĐL2.1 showed a relatively high oleanolic acid content (0.094%) and extractive content (3.15%). Overall, the variety of VT-ĐL4.1 and VT-ĐL2.1 demonstrated superior agronomic performance and phytochemical quality, and are therefore recommended as potential varieties for large-scale cultivation and medicinal raw material production.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2026.24.2.05

• Evaluation of the Ability to Detect Antibodies Against African Swine Fever Virus  by the Elisa Method

  Vu Duc Hanh, Vu Lai Xuan Hiep, Luong Quoc Hung, Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Duong Nhat Huy, Bui Minh Huy, Dang Thi Thuy Linh, Nguyen Thi Phuong Dong, Pham Hong Trang, Nguyen Van Giap, Lai Thi Lan Huong

  Date Received: 14-05-2025 / Date Accepted: 09-03-2026 / Date Published: 28-03-2026

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The present study was conducted to evaluate the ability of indirect ELISA (iELISA) method to detect antibodies against African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) using recombinant p30 protein as the coating antigen in serum and oral fluid samples. A total of 84 paired samples (each pair consisting of serum and oral fluid collected from the same individual) were obtained, including 26 negative samples and 58 samples collected from ASF-affected herds (25 acute and 33 chronic cases). The evaluation results showed that the iELISA method achieved a diagnostic specificity of 100% for both serum and oral fluid samples without cross-reactivity or false-positive results observed. When compared with the commercial reference ELISA kit (Ingezim PPA Compac), the iELISA demonstrated high agreement in serum samples, with a concordance rate of 90.47% and a Cohen’s Kappa coefficient of 0.81. When comparing paired samples from the same individual, antibody levels in oral fluid showed a strong positive linear correlation with those in serum (r = 0.765, P <0.001), along with substantial diagnostic agreement (Kappa = 0.73). Moreover, the iELISA method in both sample matrices reflected the trend of immune response dynamics across disease stages, as indicated by an increase in S/P values from the acute to the chronic phase.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2026.24.3.04

• Blood Haematological and Biochemical Parameters of Co Lung Ducks

  Nguyen Ba Mui, Do Ngoc Ha, Nguyen Van Duy

  Date Received: 30-07-2018 / Date Accepted: 20-09-2018

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study was conducted to determine blood haematological and biochemical parameters of 8 week-old Co Lung ducksraised atDai Xuyen Duck Research Center. Blood samples were collected from 60 healthy ducks (30 males and 30 females). The results showed that the blood physiological and biochemical parameters of the ducks varied within the normal ranges withthe total red blood cell count (RBC) of 2.82 million, haemoglobin concentration (Hb) of 12.18g%, hematocrit(HCT) of 44,30%, platelet cell (PLC) of 23.85 x 103/mm3), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 158,60fL, mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) of 43.44 pg, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of 27.98 g/dl, total white blood count (WBC) of 39.72 thousand/mm3. The percentage of eosinophil, basophil, neutrophils, monocyte and lymphocyte were 7.06; 3.06; 24.43; 12.08,and 53.35%, respectively. There were no significant differencesbetweet males and females in biochemical parameters,exceptforα2 -globulin. The biochemical parameters of blood plasma were: albumin 17.61g/l, total protein 34.12g/l. Protein fraction contained3.01, 7.47, 4,02,and 1.00g/l for α1-globulin, α2-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin, respectively.

• Evaluation of in-vitro regeneration capacity of several mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties

  Vu Thi Thuy Hang, Tran Thi Diem Quynh, Bui Thi Quynh Trang, Vu Thi Thuong, Doan Thu Thuy, Bui Quang Tu, Nguyen Thanh Tuan

  Date Received: 24-11-2025 / Date Accepted: 03-02-2026 / Date Published: 28-02-2026

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study evaluated the in vitro regeneration of different mungbean varieties under different culture conditions and explant types. The study used 10 varieties and different explant types, concentrations of plant growth regulators, and kanamycin. The results showed that callus induction increased with higher BAP concentrations and was strongly enhanced when combined with NAA. Media containing 3-4 mg/l BAP +1.0 mg/l NAA produced the highest callus induction rates (73.2-75.3%), especially in shoot and hypocotyl explants (~ 50%), whereas leaf explants exhibited the lowest rate (28.7%) and were more susceptible to contamination (26.5%). In shoot regeneration from cotyledon, MS + 0.5-2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l IAA yielded the best results, with shoot induction rates of 80.0-82.2% and 0.8-1.7 shoots/explant. HMB0024 showed the best regeneration capacity (1.7 shoots/explant). Root formation on MS was  50.0-61.7% depending on the variety; HMB0036 produced the highest number of roots and root length  (10.1 roots/explant; 9.0cm). Thus, the optimal medium for callus induction from shoots and hypocotyls was MS + 3-4 mg/l BAP + 1.0 mg/l NAA, while shoot regeneration from cotyledonary leaves was most effective on MS + 0.5-2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l IAA. Kanamycin concentrations of 75-100 mg/l were identified as suitable for screening cells, tissues or plants in genetice manipulation. The findings provide foudation for genetic transformation or genome editing in mungbean.

  DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/tckhnnvn.2026.24.2.07

• Screening of Actinomyces ssp. for Antagonistic Activityagainst Rice Sheath Blight, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn

  Nguyen Hoai Nam, Nguyen Minh Trang, Dang Phu Hoang, Nguyen Van Hung, Nguyen Xuan Canh, Tong Van Hai, Nguyen Duc Bach

  Date Received: 10-05-2015 / Date Accepted: 01-12-2015

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  In this study, 10 isolates of the rice sheath blight fungus (KV1, KV6, KV8, KV10-KV16) were isolated from 20 different diseased samples collected in Ha Noi, Hai Duong, Thai Binh, Ha Nam and Hung Yen provinces. They were characterized based on cultural, morphological and physiological properties. In addition, PCR-RFLP and rDNA-ITS sequence analyses were also used to identify these isolates. Inoculation of 10 isolates on four non-glutinous cultivars Xi23, Q5, Khang dan and, BC15 and 2 glutinous rice cultivars, TK90 and 87 showed that 100% infection rate was achieved and the most virulent isolate was KV13. In vitro screening of 80 Actinomycetes isolates for antagonistic capability against the KV13 showed that 10 isolates of Actinomycetes had strong antagonistic activity. Of these, the Actinomyces isolate L2.5 showed the highest antagonistic activity against the isolate KV13. This isolate can be used for further study to develop products for sheath blight control in rice.

• Evaluation of Diversity and Characteristics among Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) Exotic Germplasm in Vietnam Condition

  Pham Thi Ngoc, Do Thi Du, Nguyen Thi Hue, Pham Thi Le, Vu Van Liet

  Date Received: 11-07-2013 / Date Accepted: 07-05-2014

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The agronomical characteristics and heat tolerance of twenty nine common bean accessions from USA were evaluated in two seasons: late spring and winter seasons in 2012 in Gialam, Hanoi. Most of the accessions showed short growth (55 to 80 days) suitable to cropping pattern of the Red RiverDdelta. There was a large variation in agronomical characteristics, such as plant height, number of leaves and branches, stem and flower color, fruit shape and grain size. The twining bean accessions had plant height from 180.5 to 306.0 cm while bush type accessions were three to five times shorter. Four accessions viz.CV44, CV54, CV59 and CV79 were heat torelant. Genetic similarity based on morphological characteristics and agronomic performance classified accessions into four separate groups with similarity coefficient of 0.18. Some accessions such as CV56 (107.52g), CV65 (145.91g), CV67 (116.28g), CV73 (191.35g), CV83 (117.28g), CV85 (117.77g) in green bean group and CV76 (52.0g) and CV77 (54.89g) in dry bean group had high yield in the winter season only. These accessions are potentialy useful for breeding programme with high yield.