Vol. 14 No. 2 (2016)

Capacity of environmental dispute resolution is one of the important capabilities of environmental management officials to perform its functions in the context of increasing conflict disputes about the local environment, particularly the conflicts in environmental pollution between residents and enterprises. However, the weakness of some officials in dispute resolution leads to prolonged lawsuit and unsatisfactory settlemen, and consequently to overexcited/extreme reactions of people. The present article examines the capacity for dispute resolution of environmental management officials from the community perspective and to make recommendations to enhance capacity for environmental management officials, contributing to reasonable settlement in the local environmental dispute.

This paper investigates disease situation and responses of farmers to pig diseases in Hung Yen province. Descriptive statistics, classification, comparison, T test and analysis of economic efficiency are utilized. It has been found that some common diseases occur more often at piglet weaning stage in comparison to other growth stages. When common diseases occur, farmers usually treat by themselves. Therefore, training on skills for diagnosis and treatment of common diseases should be offered for farmers. In addition, training to improve skills for local veterinarians should be also implemented because they do not oly sell veterinary drugs to farmers but also give farmers technical advices. Propaganda and regulations to mitigate and prevent the sale of pigs died of diseases should be taken to limit the spread of disease in the local pig herds. In addition, a mass campaign to improve farmers’s disease preventive practices such as pig barn sanitation, vaccination and action to disease occurrence in the household and the commune should also be carried out.

Fishery industry significantly contribiutes to economic development and national security in Vietnam. However, fishery resources and productivity, particularly inshore fishery resources have reduced whereas oo-shore fishery industry has not been developed yet. Central and local government have invested in development of logistics for fishery industry in core regions and provinces, but fishery logistics are still lacking in terms of both quantity and quality, such as port, shipbuilding, fish catching and storage, material supply, and so on. Based on secondary data and information, this paper focuses on analysis of theoretical and pratical issues of logistics development for fishery industry. Major lessons for development of logistics for fishery development in Vietnam are drawn.

Economic valuation of tourist area is considered as an important instrument for policy making, determining economic mechanisms, as well as identifying tools for effective and sustainable management of tourist resources. Travel cost method (TCM) was applied to estimate demand schedule and economic value of Thien Cam tourist area. Findings show that economic value estimate of Thien Cam tourist area in 2013 was VND7,993.7 billion. This figure is much higher than the total turn-over of tourist service providers at Thien Cam tourist area of VND115.3 billion in 2013, indicating that economic potential of Thien Cam tourist area was underutilized. Based on these findings, the paper has proposed some measures to enhance income for tourist service providers and the economic value of Thien Cam tourist area.

This research aimed at revealing factors that affect the competitiveness of postal services of Nghe An Post. Primary data were collected by direct interview of 195 clients who have been using postal services in Nghe An province. The official reports were used as secondary data to present the empirical situation of Nghe An Post. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and multivariate regression analysis were employed to test the reseach hypotheses. The results indicate that there were six main factors affecting the competitiveness ordered from the highest to the lowest including: service quality, distribution network, promotion capacity, pricing, service capability and company reputation. To increase the competitiveness, Nghe An Post should focus on developing human resources, implementing flexible pricing policy, and improving service quality.

Quynh Phu district of Thai Binh province is an agriculture-based district with long tradition of intensive rice farming and winter crops cultivation. Winter season has become one of the main cropping seasons of the district. In 2013, winter crop cultivated area in Quynh Phu was 6,456 hectares, increased by 3.46% in comparison with the figure in 2011. The winter cropping pattern is diversified with various high value crops, resulting in an increase in its annual production value of hundreds of billions VND (VND650 billio in 2013). During 2011- 2013, production value of winter chilies was up to VND25 million/sao at the constant price, followed by bittergourd, sweet corn, baby corn, cucumber, potato, kohlrabi, tomato, wax gourd, and pumpkin. In order to further develop winter production in Quynh Phu district towards higher production efficiency, the paper concentrates on three main objectives : (i) to evaluate results of the winter crop production; (ii) to investigate the factors affecting winter crop development in the district; and (iii) to propose feasible solutions to promote winter crop production in the next years towards high economic efficiency. 

Dong Nai is a southeast province of Vietnam. For rural development, the rural traffic infrastructure is of primary priority but in Dong Nai at present the cemented/concrete proportion of rural trafic system accounts for 51.8% only. The large investment demand and limited state resource for rural trafic infrastructure dictates contribution from community. This research aimed to to analyze the current situation and to suggest solutions to promote participation of community in physical contribution for development of Dong Nai Rural traffic infrastructure. Surveyed information of 438 households in 4 districts showed that: (i) physical contribution is popular in communities, especially contribution of labour (99.3% of households), followed by money (85.8%), land (78.0%) and materials (64.4%); (ii) Factors influencing physical contribution include participatory organization, authority leaders, contribution mechanism, households economics, income sources, revenue from agriculture, educational level and gender of household heads, social relationship, and household benefit from Rural traffic infrastructure; (iii) solutions suggested include establishment of suitable participatory model and mechanism, offering training to community and community representatives, propaganda and mobilization for physical contribution and support for economic development of community and community members.

Yen The district of Bac Giang province has exploited its advantages for commercial chicken production. As a result, about 13 to 15 millions chiken valued at VND 1,450 billions have been sold annually at the market. The number of chickens in Yen The has grown at the highest rate in th province with largest population in the country. It has been found that a market for chickens is unstable and under pressure of imported poultry products. Ninety percent of chickens in the district have been sold to private traders, mainly live weight chickens for the domestic market and export of chikens has not been observed. There were weak linkages of production, processing, and consumption. In addition, slaughter houses and processing units have operated at low level of efficiency. Chiken farm households often have to accept a price given by the private traders, especially when chicken production are affected by diseases (occuring on February to April and August each year). It has been observed that households have suffered losses from diseases. The paper reports the risk of chicken market in Yen The district, Bac Giang province in recent years. Based on methods of stratified sampling, qualitative and quantitative methods, and the analysis of factors affecting chicken selling, a set of solutions wre proposed for risk management and minimizing risk of chicken selling in Yen The district, Bac Giang province in the future.

Aquacultural extension policies have been providing legal framework and integral supports for aquacultural extension activities contributing to improvement in aquacultural productivity in coastal zones in the North of Vietnam. However, aquacultural extension policies have revealed some limittations due to their unspecification and unsuitability pertinent to characteristics of aquacultural activities in coastal zones in the North of Vietnam. Therefore it is important to design aquacultural extension policies corresponding to characteristics of each region and each field. This article summarises agricultural extension policies in some countries and draws out lessons learnt for making aquacultural extension policies in Northern coastal zones in the coming future.

In the trend of economic globalization and toward the sustainable development goal, environmental responsibility is becoming an indispensable requirement for business enterprises. This is shown through different levels. Among of them, the most basic level is the obedience to the laws on environmental protection. The findings from the survey data of 92 small and medium – sized enterprises and some related documents showed that, although these enterprises have initially concerned about making the commitment to environmental protection in recent years, however, the implementation of the program of environmental monitoring and waste management has not been carried out in an effective and serious way. This article points out some factors that have influence on the implementation of environmental responsibility of small and medium – sized enterprises in Vinh Phuc province and some key measures to strengthen this are also suggested.

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là sử dụng mô hình nhân tố khám phá nhằm xác định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến sự hài lòng trong công việc của giảng viên tại Trường Đại học Lâm Nghiệp. Bảng câu hỏi được gửi đến 151 giảng viên tại VNUF bằng email, 30 người trong số đó được chọn một cách ngẫu nhiên để phỏng vấn chuyên sâu. Các công cụ thống kê (mô hình nhân tố khám phá, hồi quy đa biến, mô tả thống kê) được sử dụng để phân tích số liệu và giải thích kết quả. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra 6 nhóm nhân tố ảnh hưởng tới mức độ hài lòng trong công việc của giảng viên bao gồm: mối quan hệ với đồng nghiệp, sự lãnh đạo, đặc điểm công việc, khả năng phát triển cá nhân, tiền lương và chính sách quản lý, trong khi đó điều kiện làm việc và mối quan hệ với sinh viên không có quan hệ với sự hài lòng của giảng viên. Nghiên cứu cũng phát hiện ra rằng giảng viên tại Trường Đại học Lâm Nghiệp khá hài lòng với công việc của họ.

Dak Lak province has 47 ethnic minorities with 97, 893 households and 540,365 inhabitants, accounting for 31.97% of the provincial population. The poverty rate of ethnic minorities is higher than the overall poverty rate in the province. The high rate of poor households can be explained by the fact that ethnic livelihoods are solely based agricultural farming, lack of livelihood resources, and low and instable income from livelihood activities. Livelihood activities and income differ from one national minority to another due to the differences in cultivation practices, productive capacity , capacity of coping with risks and the success from government and organizational support. Successful production model and diversified livelihoods of some ethnic minority households indicate that if people have the good will and determine to overcome difficulties together with reasonable support from state agencies and organizations, they can generate jobs and increase income to ensure the livelihood not only of his family but also the local community. Solutions to help ethnic minority households of Dak Lak for sustainable livelihood development in the future are proposed.

Based on the secondary data collected from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Research Center for Geological Environment, and the Thach That Natural Resources and Environment Department as well as the interviews of communal officials and the regarded experts, the research paper focused on the discussion of the following issues. The former is clarification of the daily environmental pollutions of air, soil, and water in Phung Xa, the craft village in Thach That, Hanoi. The latter is limitations in environmental management of Phung Xa. Hence, six measures to reduce environmental pollution Phung Xa village were suggested, as such: (1) Specify environmental protection plan; (2) Enhance the applicability of economic instruments for craft village environmental management; (3) Strengthen the staff's ability regarding the environment management; (4) Advocate and improve people's awareness on environmental protection; (5) Propose technical solution; (6) Increase inspection and monitoring activities.

Aquaculture development in farm households in Quang Ninh district, Quang Binh province has achieved remarkable results in recent years but also faced with many difficulties and challenges. By combining the secondary data and primary information from interviews of 60 aquaculture households, focus-group discussion with representatives of aquaculture households and in-depth interviews of local officials in charge of aquaculture, the study revealed that both the volume and value of aquaculture in Quang Ninh district increased quickly for the period of 2013-2014. Despite the potential and new opportunities, aquaculture development in the district has also significant obstacles such as the extreme weather events, lack of the detail planning for aquaculture areas, high risk due to epidemic disease, and the fluctuation of market. Completing the detailed planning, strengthening the links among aquaculture stakeholders as well as enhancing aquaculture extension services that need to be taken to keep a stable and sustainable aquaculture development in Quang Ninh district, Quang Binh province in the future.

Accessing land market is still a new concept to many poor households in Phu Tho province. It was clearly shown from a survey conducted within three districts: Thanh Son, Cam Khe and Lam Thao in November 2014 that only a few poor households took part in trading, leasing, and transferring land. The rate of poor households accessing leasing/lending land market ranged from 1,08% to 5,88%.Production capital shortage, deficit of labour resources, lack of leasers/borrowers were main reasons contributing to that situation. However, the survey also pointed out some solutions to improve the f accessibility to agricultural land market by poor households with the aims of improving productivity, freeing labours, increasing incomes and reducing poverty.

This study was conducted to assess the impact of policies extending and reducing enterprise income tax on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Tu Son town, Bac Ninh province. The study used secondary data from various sources, mainly from data of Tax Branch Tu Son town. In addition, primary data were collected by direct interviews of 310 respondents in 2013 including SMEs and tax officers using questionnaires. The comparative assumption method was used to assess the impact of policies and data were processed with Excel software. Research results indicated that the extending and reducing enterprise income tax have affected enterprise resources such as the ability to supply the capital of SMEs; number of employees; income of the employees; number of enterprise dissolution, bankruptcy, suspension of operations and inventory. In addition, the policy also has impacted to business operations, results and efficiency of SMEs.

Every year, Dong Ky wood processing of Bac Ninh province has gnerated product value over VND 500 billion revenue per year with 65% for export. In recent years, the total production value increased by over 17% per year. However, the environmental pollution of the village is now serious, especially water pollution, soil and air pollution. The BOD, TSS, sulphur dioxide levels exceed permitted standard levels many times. This study used contingent valuation method (CVM) to survey data from 150 households, and used regression analysis to find out what factors are affecting the level of willingness to pay (WTP). Results showed that, on average, people are willing to pay 27,000 VND/person/per month. Total capital is estimated at 394 millionVND/ per month for projects to improve water quality in Dong Ky village; Thus, the total funds each year will be able to achieve 4.7 billion for the rehabilitation of polluted water in the region. The most important factors affecting the willingness to pay level of households to improve water quality are household income and occupation of the persons interviewed. These indicate the importantance of policy for improvement of community’s income and knowledge

Orange production in Quy Hop district, Nghe An province is an important economic activity, which provides livelihoods and jobs for local farmers. However, the accelerating expansion of orange area in 2012-2014 period also poses a question on the quality of the growth. The study employed secondary data and primary data collected from a survey of 89 farm households, in depth interviews with government officers and orange traders in Quy Hop district. Results show that orange production has brought a considerable income for farmers, with average size of orange farm of about 1.73ha, generating more than VND 300 million/ha/season. However, while orange area is rapidly expanded, the organization of production towards commercial and large scale with cooperation/linkages in production and marketing is still very weak. Besides, farmers face with a number of problems in production, especially pest, diseases, input quality, irrigation and transportation. Some recommendations were proposed to promote orange production and to exploit natural advantage in Quy Hop district.

The resonable and effective management of urban land use is of primary importance to ensure sustainable urban development at present and in the future. This task is becoming more important to the nations and developing urban areas. The study aimed to find out the factors that affect urban land use management in Vinh City. The impact of the factors on the urban land use management was analyzed by using Spearman Rank Corrrelation Coefficient in SPSS 17.0 with significant level 0.05 through the investigation of 400 households from 2 wards and 2 communes. The results show that the local people realised that there has been a remarkable change in the urban land use management over the period and policy mechanism factor group with large impact on urban land use management in Vinh city includes land policy and investment policy .