Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences

This study aimed to evaluate the growth characteristics, yield, and quality of rice inbred lines. Field trials were conducted at the Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Gia Lâm, Hà Nội. The results indicated that the lines exhibited a short growth duration (133-135 days in the spring season and 108-111 days in the summer season), semi-dwarf plant stature, and slight susceptibility to blast, bacterial leaf blight, and brown planthopper. Actual yields ranged from 5.83 to 7.45 tons ha-1 in the spring season and from 4.78 to 6.37 tons ha-1 in the summer season. The lines produced long, slender grains with a milled rice recovery of 67.9-70.6% and a head rice ratio of 79.8-89.9%. Most lines had good eating quality, with only line D2 showing eating quality comparable to the check variety, Bắc Thơm 7. Four lines (D1, D2, D9, D10) carried the homozygous recessive gene for aroma. Based on the results, four promising lines (D1, D2, D3, D6) were selected for further evaluation in subsequent seasons to identify the best candidates for submission to the national variety testing program. These findings contribute to the ongoing breeding program for high-quality rice varieties in Vietnam.

This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of garlic extract and growth performance of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum CMT1 when using prebiotic from garlic extract as a carbon source in vitro condition. The study was conducted with five experiments: (1) evaluating the ability to digest prebiotic; (2) evaluating the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum CMT1 using garlic extract as a prebiotic; (3) evaluating the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria using garlic extract; (4) evaluating prebiotic activity score; and (5) determining the ability to secrete extracellular enzymes of Lactobacillus plantarum CMT1 when garlic extract was used as a carbon source. The results show that Lactobacillus plantarum CMT1 could use garlic extract as a carbon source for lactic acid fermentation. After 48 hours of culture, the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum CMT1 in the treatment supplemented with garlic extract was significantly higher than in the control. The addition of garlic extract enhanced the extracellular enzyme activities, such as amylase, protease, and leu-aminopeptidase compared to those of the control treatment. The results show that the addition of 1% garlic extract could enhance the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum CMT1 and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of stocking densities on growth, survival rate and productivity of mangrove clam (Geloina coaxans) in different pond models. Clams were stocked at two locations in earthen shrimp pond and earthen pond in U Minh Thuong district, Kien Giang province (now An Giang province), with three densities of 20, 40 and 60 individuals/m2, with three replicates during a culture period of 120 days. The results of clam survival rate varied from 90.0 to 91.7% in earthen shrimp ponds and 87.5 to 88.3% in earthen ponds, with no significant difference (P >0.05) between stocking densities in the same model. The growth rate of length and weight of clams at a density of 20 individuals/m2 was equivalent to 40 individuals/m2 (P >0.05) but was significantly higher (P <0.05) than at a density of 60 individuals/m2 in both pond models. After 120 days of farming, the stocking density of clams at 40-60 individuals/m2 in earthen ponds combined with white-leg shrimp achieved a yield of 0.91-1.22 kg/m2, higher than the yield at the same density of clams raised in earthen ponds (0.64-0.91 kg/m2). Clam farming in earthen pond combined with white-leg shrimp achieved higher results in terms of harvest size, survival rate and yield compared to the model of raising clam alone.

The study aimed to evaluate biological activities of Bacillus sp. isolated from extensive shrimp ponds in Kien Giang province, including antibacterial capability against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the pathogen responsible for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (VpAHPND) as well as its ability to decompose organic compounds. Bacillus bacteria were isolated from water, sediment, and shrimp samples in extensive shrimp farming ponds in An Minh, An Bien, and U Minh Thuong districts of Kien Giang province. Out of 68 samples obtained, 15 isolates of Bacillus sp. were isolated and identified. Using the streaked perpendicular method, 10 Bacillus strains were found to have inhibition ability on the growth of V. parahaemolyticus. Notably, AB5 isolate exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, demonstrating an inhibition zone of 12mm in the disc diffusion assay. This strain maintained its inhibitory capacity against VpAHPND bacteria under various environmental conditions, including differing pH levels, temperatures, and salinities. Additionally, strain AB5 showed the ability to degrade proteins, cellulose, and starch, with inhibition diameters of 25mm, 21.5mm, and 18.66mm, respectively, in extracellular enzyme tests. The study had screened and selected Bacillus local isolates with antibacterial properties against the pathogen causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis in shrimp and the capability to decompose organic compounds, marking an important first step in the development of microbial products for shrimp farming.

Agricultural land use plays the vital role in producing agricultural products for socio-economic development and is essential need for local people in Xieng Khoang Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic. The research objective was to assess the efficiency of sub-land use types and, thereby, to propose the orentation of agricultural land use towards efficiency in the research area. Research methods used included:methods of investigation and calculation, selection of research sites and assessment of land use effieciency. The results show that there were 4 land use types (LUT) with 16 sub-LUTs in 3 regions in Xieng Khoang province. Tea and fruit sub-LUTs were assessed with highest efficiency. Some agricultural sub-LUTs had middle level efficiency, however, they have played the vital role in development in Xieng Khoang, viz. rice and vegetable crops. Grass and maize crop exerted lowest efficiency although they are suitable with actual local conditions, such as the low financial resources, less labour and the large land resouces. The results of assessment are significant base to propose the orientation of agricultural land use towards efficiency in each region in the research province.  

The purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of factors affecting the operational efficiency of the Green Fisheries Supply Chain. This research was conducted with 165 samples using the direct interview method. After collecting and processing data, regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact on the operational efficiency of the Green Fisheries Supply Chain. The results show it is related to 7 factors, of which 3 factors: Finance; Technology and Environment had the most influence. Based on these findings, the study proposes the following solutions: (1) Enhancing awareness and capacity through communication campaigns and training programs focused on green production, traceability, standardized farming methods, and sustainable preservation and processing techniques; (2) Promoting the application of appropriate technologies from environmental monitoring equipment and management software to biological farming techniques in order to improve product quality; (3) Increasing access to preferential credit capital and encouraging households to form groups or cooperatives for better financial support. In addition, local government management policies should be clear and transparent, with effective mechanisms in place to promote green supply chain models.

The purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of factors affecting the operational efficiency of the Green Fisheries Supply Chain. This research was conducted with 165 samples using the direct interview method. After collecting and processing data, regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact on the operational efficiency of the Green Fisheries Supply Chain. The results show it is related to 7 factors, of which 3 factors: Finance; Technology and Environment had the most influence. Based on these findings, the study proposes the following solutions: (1) Enhancing awareness and capacity through communication campaigns and training programs focused on green production, traceability, standardized farming methods, and sustainable preservation and processing techniques; (2) Promoting the application of appropriate technologies from environmental monitoring equipment and management software to biological farming techniques in order to improve product quality; (3) Increasing access to preferential credit capital and encouraging households to form groups or cooperatives for better financial support. In addition, local government management policies should be clear and transparent, with effective mechanisms in place to promote green supply chain models.

This study aimed to assess the activities of grassroots Women’s Unions in Gia Vien district in building advanced new rural areas. Data were collected through a survey of 158 staff members and union members. The findings reveal that the Union played a core role through various activities such as designing, reviewing, and disseminating programs; supporting members in achieving criteria on income, poverty reduction, labor, and production organization; and facilitating access to financial resources for economic development. The Union has also encouraged members to fulfill criteria related to education, culture, housing, healthcare, law, and national defense and security, while promoting cultural, sports, and environmental protection movements. However, the Union’s activities still face challenges due to limited financial resources and insufficient incentives for staff, as well as overlapping and unclear responsibilities in coordination with other organizations. Staff quality remained limited, particularly in building connections with stakeholders. In addition, members’ ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in practice was still low. To enhance effectiveness, four key solutions are needed: strengthening financial resources, improving coordination efficiency, enhancing staff quality, and increasing members’ capacity to apply knowledge and skills in practice.

This study focused on analyzing the current status of agricultural economic restructuring in Dong Anh District through crop and livestock structure transformation, the development of specialized farming areas, investment in infrastructure, and reforms in production organization. The district has achieved significant progress thanks to synchronized policies and the consensus of local people. However, it also faces challenges from rapid urbanization, shrinking agricultural land, and labor shifts away from the agricultural sector.The study surveyed 145 respondents, including 20 officials from functional units and 125 representatives from economic organizations, comprising 25 farm owners and 100 farming households. The research assesses the current situation of agricultural restructuring based on several aspects: restructuring by ecological zones and localities; restructuring by commodity chains and local products; the application of science and technology; restructuring of agricultural production and trade organizations. It also identifies the factors influencing this process: (1) factors related to infrastructure development; (2) factors related to industrial and commercial development; and (3) other factors such as human resources, supportive policies, climate change, and socio-cultural aspects.These findings serve as a foundation for orienting sustainable development solutions for the agricultural economy in Dong Anh District in the future.

This study was conducted to analyze the factors affecting the academic performance of students at the Faculty of Economics and Management, Vietnam National University of Agriculture. Data were collected from 350 students and combined with academic records from the university’s regístrar database. The dataset was processed using STATA software through two main steps: exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multivariate linear regression. The findings reveal that students’ academic performance was influenced by individual characteristics, family-related factors, and institutional support in learning, scientific research, and entrepreneurship. Based on these results, the study recommended that students should maintain a balance between academic study and part-time employment, while actively engage in extracurricular activities. It also suggests that the university should proactively implement student support initiatives and develop policies to attract more students to enroll in high-quality academic programs.

The local food system is proposed as a solution for the process of transforming the food system towards sustainability. This transition ensures consumers access to safe and nutritious food, improves farmers' livelihood, conserves natural resources and mitigates climate change. The study has systematized the concepts and the role of the local food system in terms of economy, society and environment. The research also reviewed the various studies on the participation of farm-households in the local food system from the perspectives of performing functions in the system: production, processing, distribution and consumption of local food. In addition, the study pointed out the barriers to the participation of farm-households in the local food system, including barriers in the capacity of farming households, markets accessibility and relationship establishment, product quality and standards maintenance, and the shortage of policies and legal mechanisms.

Based on the overview of theoretical issues on innovation and innovation capacity, the article has clarified the theoretical basis, influencing factors and the analytical framework of innovation capacity of Vietnamese animal feed enterprises in the context of strong innovation taking place in the animal feed industry. The proposed framework for researching innovation capability in Vietnamese animal feed production enterprises systematically covers the following contents: innovation management capability, learning and investment capability for innovation, capability for creating innovation results, and capability for commercializing innovation results to serve as a premise for subsequent empirical studies.

Ecotourism plays a crucial role in promoting economic growth, protecting natural resources, preserving biodiversity, and enhancing the quality of life for local communities. Consequently, many countries have developed policies and strategies for ecotourism that align with their available natural resources. This study employs a combination of theoretical analysis and practical evaluation, drawing on ecotourism research, scientific articles, research reports, and official websites. The objectives of the study are: (i) to synthesize and analyze the experiences of developing ecotourism products in selected countries; and (ii) to derive lessons learned from these countries. The article contributes to providing a theoretical and practical foundation to promote the sustainable development of the ecotourism industry in Vietnam.

This overview article clarifies the current status of sustainable land use management in Vietnam within the context of the digital age, emphasizing the necessity for technological innovation and administrative reform. It also highlights some difficulties and challenges faced during the implementation of technological advancements and administrative changes, particularly in the field of land management. Furthermore, it identifies the opportunities and threats associated with sustainable land use management in the context of the fifth rapidly progressing worldwide Industrialrevolution. Based on this, the article proposes solutions for technological innovation and organizational reform, including: thoroughly understanding the Party's viewpoints and government policies; promoting the application of modern technologies; improving the digital transformation of administrative organizations; ensuring data linkage and data security; preparing adequate resources; and enhancing communication and propaganda efforts.